When an ambulance or more qualified personnel arrives at the scene, there is no need to tell them about the poisonous chemical inhaled since they will find out themselves:
A spine/neck injury will always have priority over every other injury due to the risk of paralysis:
A good splint should prevent adequate blood circulation and compress nerves, so the casualty will not feel any pain:
A haematoma can be caused by head injury:
Moderate and deep hypothermia cause very unstable condition, and the patient must be inactive and treated very carefully:
A fractured spine will always imply unconsciousness:
A patient who breathes will always have a pulse rate?
Internal bleeding will never lead to circulation failure:
Oxygen bottles should be handled with care and should be removed if they are exposed to heat:
You can threat a person with heat exhaustion by giving him salt and water:
None of the tissue cells will die, only damaged when the casualty has a crush injury:
Most adults will endure a loss of blood of 1 litre:
Cardiac arrest will always lead to unconsciousness:
Food poisoning may be caused by eating food, that is contaminated by bacteria or by toxins produced by bacteria, that were already in the food:
Dressing should always be larger than the wound they cover:
If a patient has heat exhaustion, the symptoms are weakness, vertigo, headache and nausea. Initially the skin is cool and clammy.
Improvised splints can only be made of solid materials:
The brain of hypothermic patients will consume less oxygen than usual:
Breathing is controlled by the respiratory centre in the brain:
You should not supply oxygen when resuscitating, as this will only disturb the treatment. It is however important to do so immediately after the resuscitation has ended:
When we deal with food poisoning your aims are to encourage the casualty to rest, to seek medical advice or aid, and to give the casualty plenty of bland fluids to drink:
Spillage of corrosive chemicals is poisonous and can also result in burns:
An internal abdominal bleeding is not dangerous as it will stop bleeding by itself due to the increased pressure in the abdomen:
Heat-stroke can occur suddenly, causing unconsciousness within minutes. This may be signaled by the casualty feeling uneasy and ill.
Oxygen treatment is most important with injury to the head/neck/spine:
It may be difficult to tell if there is a fracture or a sprain:
Cardiac arrest leads to circulation failure:
A person under influence of alcohol will suffer from frost injuries quicker than a sober person:
A patient with a major burn is liable to develop circulation failure:
When performing C-P-R it is advisable to elevate the patient’s legs to secure sufficient blood to the chest and head:
Abdominal thrust is applied to remove foreign objects in the airway:
Parts of the body can be used as splints:
You should always wash your hands before preparing food. Wear protective gloves or waterproof plasters if you have cuts on your hands:
A patient who is shouting has an open airway:
The motor function and circulation distal to the fracture should always be assessed:
The walls in the blood vessels are completely resistant to diffusion:
A seriously hypothermic patient should as soon as possible be placed in a warm bath (>50 °C) to regain normal body heat:
Visible shortening of a limb is not necessarily a sign of a fracture:
Open weave roller bandages are used to support joints:
Damage to the spinal cord will always result in immediate neurological malfunction:
The main goal of splinting is to render a pulling strain on the fractured bone ends, in order to prevent them from touching each over:
What is the most important treatment concerning a foreign body in the eye?
Wring the eye-lid to prevent blinking.
Cooling of a third degree burn should be terminated after 15 minutes:
It is the increased pressure in the head that is fatal, not the bleeding itself:
Any major bleeding must be stopped before treating a wound:
Grease and oil must never be used in connection with oxygen bottles, couplings and valves:
Cooling does not reduce pain in a sprain:
Normal resting rate of pulse in a healthy adult is about 2-3 beats per second:
The respiration system, above all, reacts to carbon dioxide levels in the blood:
Your aims are to maintain the airway, breathing and circulation, to remove any contaminated clothing, to identify the poison and to obtain medical aid:
When there is an electrical burn there is a great danger of internal injuries:
A triangular bandage is always used in its triangular shape:
Respiration while resting is normal if the frequency increases to more than 20 ventilations per minute:
A large dose of muscle relaxing medicaments can cause respiratory problems due to the reduced activity in the respiratory muscles:
There are, at least, four distinct signs of fracture:
We have 3 circulatory systems for blood transportation:
To render correct first aid one should be certain that there is a fracture before treating the patient:
R-I-C-E treatment has no effect if postponed more than 4 hours after the injury took place:
You should only use double nose catheters when treating two patients on one oxygen bottle:
Bleeding will always occur together with a fracture, that breaks the skin:
The position and direction of entry and exit wounds will alert you to the likely extent of hidden injury, and to the degree of shock that may ensue:
A person suffering from a moderate to hard blow to the head, should always be under close observation in the early hours after the accident, considering possible development of edema in the head:
You should terminate resuscitation after 15 minutes:
A sudden fall in blood pressure does not normally lead to circulation failure:
When treating an injury obtained by falling, it is of great importance to check the motor function in the extremities:
Symptoms of serious head injury are unconsciousness, low pulse rate and high blood pressure:
When dealing with a heat stroke your aims are to lower the casualty’s body temperature as quickly as possible, and to arrange removal of the casualty to hospital. Do NOT use iced water as they may constrict blood vessels:
Head injury will lead to circulation failure:
A chemical burn from fluid must be bandaged firmly to prevent fluid from covering greater parts of the skin:
There is nothing more you can do to prevent food poisoning, than ensure that frozen poultry and meat are fully defrosted before it is cooked. Cook meat, poultry, fish, and eggs thoroughly to kill harmful bacteria. Never keep food lukewarm for long periods; bacteria can multiply without obvious signs of spoilage:
Inspiration is mainly caused by muscle activity of the Diaphragm:
A bandage is always applied to an open wound:
Flush away any residual chemical on the skin with plenty of cold water. Be sure, that the water does not flush away from the casualty’s body:
The red blood cells are responsible for the transportation of oxygen:
A casualty with burns has less need for fluid:
Shock and circulation failure are equivalent:
If you are unable to give a patient with an increased circulation failure due to bleeding, intravenous treatment, he should promptly be given plenty to drink to replace lost fluid:
Bandages must be sterile before use:
To protect a burn injury, we should never remove the patients clothing:
An unconscious patient suffering from a major spine injury should not be placed in recovery position, as this may increase the damage and lead to paralysis: