On a cargo ship, where should we find the hydrants ?
At such locations that no part of the ship normally accessible to the crew while the ship is being navigating is located more than 20 meters away from a hydrant
At such locations that at least two jets not emanating from the same hydrant may reach any part of the ship normally accessible to the crew while the ship is being navigating, each of these jets coming from a single length of hose.
At such locations that no part of the ship normally accessible to the crew while the ship is being navigating is located more than 40 meters away from a hydrant
At such locations that at least two jets not emanating from the same hydrant may reach any part of the ship normally accessible to the crew while the ship is being navigating, one of these jets coming from a single length of hose (the other jet may come from a connection of several lengths of hoses)
By a ‘geographical area call’ in the DSC system is meant:
a DSC message for all vessels within a certain area from a position in the DSC message, and the degrees are given in northerly and westerly direction
a DSC message for all ships heading towards a certain geographical area
a DSC-message for all vessels within certain area marked by areference position, given in the DSC message and the degrees are given in southerly and easterly direction
A received DSC ‘distress alert’ contains the following information: “UNDESIGNATED DISTRESS” Of this distress case:
the nature of distress is unknown
For a DSC-connection (no ‘distress alert’) with another vessel the following frequencies are used:
TX: 2187.5 kHz RX: 2187.5 kHz
Tx: 2187.5 kHz RX: 2182.0 kHz
TX: 2189.5 kHz RX: 2189.5 kHz
TX: 2177.0 kHz RX: 2177.0 kHz
A wire aerial for an MF/HF –transmitter must be suspended between isolators:
to prevent contact with earth
to make the ………way for aerial currents as long as possible
to prevent burns when touching the aerial
Which of the following INMARSAT services provides communications by telephone, telex, facsimile (f, and data?
A tug is connected in a line at your bow. Will the bollard pull be the same at any speed?
Yes, the bollard is the same at any speed
No, when the speed exceeds 5 knots we have not much help in a tug
No, when the speed is increasing, the bollard is also increasing
We will have the best use of the tug when the ship makes sternway
Your vessel is a tanker in ballast and the two vessels are interlocked after collision. You have already made clear that all people are well taken care of and you will try to separate the two vessels. What should be your greatest concern?
If the vessels separate, the other vessel may run away and you will be the only one to blame.
That the separation may cause sparks that can possibly ignite the oil or any other flammable substances.
The exact time of the collision.
That you have your permission from the company to do so.
What should each manufacturer of cargo tank coatings issue ?
A information guide stating type, when and how many microns of coating applied.
A resistance guide stating which chemicals are compatible with the coating.
A information guide stating how many microns of coating applied.
A resistance guide stating which poisonous vapours are compatible with the coating.
On the figure 4 possible definitions of the term "FORWARD BREAST LINE" are given. Which one is the correct one?
Forward breast line is given by B on the figure
Forward breast line is given by A on the figure
Forward breast line is given by C on the figure
Forward breast line is given by D on the figure
You are in open water and clear conditions. You are approaching the pilot station when you hear this signal from a vessel ahead of you. What does it signify?
That the vessel is starting his engine and resuming his passage.
That the vessel is operating astern propulsion.
That the vessel is picking up his pilot.
That the vessel is altering his course to starboard.
What will alarm cargo receivers to the possibility of cargo damage on a Bulk Carrier?
Commencing discharge without presentation of bills) of lading
Disallowing cargo interests on board
Commencing discharge in the absence of a cargo surveyor
The presence of hatch cover sealing tapes
Cross-flooding fittings shall be operable from:
The section where the unsymmetrical flooding occurs
Fluctuation of high temperatures in a boiler furnace can lead to refractory lining failure in which the surface of the firebrick breaks away in layers. What is the term used to describe this type of failure.for this?
Why is it necessary to have an effective ballast water management plan which includes provision for changing out ballast in open water rather than discharging ballast in coastal waters?
To allow ballast tank inspections to be carried out during ballast passage.
To keep the ballast water fresh in the ballast tanks during long voyages.
To avoid the introduction of non-indigenous species of marine life from one area to another.
To ensure that ballast tanks are always pressed up during a ballast voyage to avoid free surface effects.
Which of the statements given in the options relating to LNG carriers is true?
LNG is normally carried in fully pressurised gas carriers.
LNG is always carried at very low temperature.
The size of an LNG carrier is limited to no greater than 50,000 m3 cargo capacity.
All LNG carriers are fitted with spherical tanks.
In which cases shall side scuttles in passenger ships be so constructed that they cannot be opened without the consent of the master of the ship?
Where the sills of the side scuttles are below the margin line
Where the sills are mounted below the bulkhead deck
Where the sills of the side scuttles are less than 500 mm above the deepest load line
Where the height of the side scuttles go through more than two decks
What differences in design are there between a standard cargo hold and a cargo hold which can also be used for ballast on a Bulk Carrier?
There is no differences in design
This hold does not have ventilators
The coamings are much lower on the ballast hold
The ballast hold hatch cover must be fitted with additional securing devices
A cargo of palletized fruit on oblong pallets is being loaded into the 'tween deck space of a conventional reefer ship by stevedores under the supervision of the ship's crew. The pallets are loaded with the long side athwartships to ensure a stable stow. The final space in the first row is too small to fit another pallet athwartships. Select the option which gives the best course of action to be taken to deal with this situation.
Use a forklift truck to force the last pallet into the gap.
Complete the next row and fill the gap with dunnage (air) bags.
Complete the next row, cover the deck and secure the gap with wooden dunnage and plywood.
Turn the final pallet through 90 degree to fill the gap.
A chlorine carrier must be equipped with a chlorine absorption plant connected to the cargo tanks and cargo lines. What is the gas detectors alarm setting?
What does the IMSBC Code emphasise with reference to the exposure of personal to the dust created when carrying some bulk cargoes?
The code does not make any reference to this hazard
A high standard of personal hygiene
The responsibility of the Master to ensure that staff are wearing the correct clothing
The restricted loading of certain cargoes which may be excessively dusty
On a container vessel, with regard to the carriage of Calcium Hypochlorite what is not allowed under the IMDG Code?
Cargo transport units to be carried under deck
Calcium Hypochlorite packed and shipped in Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBCs)
Calcium Hypochlorite packed and shipped in bags
What is the full name of the International Convention dealing with stability of passenger ships?
The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
International Safety Management code
What is the main purpose of the reliquefaction plant fitted to many liquefied gas carriers?
It is used to change the cargo vapour back to liquid keep the cargo cooled.
It is used to discharge the cargo when the cargo pumps don't work.
It is used to cool down the cargo tanks before loading.
It is used to change the liquid cargo to vapour to heat the cargo if it is too cold.
What is the objective of the merchant navy?
To earn money for the shipowner
To provide employment for persons who wish to become seafarers
To safely transport goods by sea
To transport and deliver goods as quickly as possible
On the figure there are four (4) possible definitions of the term "STARBOARD QUARTER" given. Which one is the correct one?
Starboard quarter is given by D on the figure
Starboard quarter is given by B on the figure
Starboard quarter is given by C on the figure
Starboard quarter is given by A on the figure
A positive temperature coefficient thermistor will typically have
Relatively linear characteristic
Relatively non linear characteristic
Why are hypochlorite based treatments used on some sea water cooling systems?
To prevent biological growth in the system.
To reduce sediment build up in the system.
To prevent corrosion of the system
To increase the heat transfer capacity of the system.
On a Bulk Carrier, what should be done immediately if during the voyage the temperature of bulk coal exceeds 55?C?
Use fire fighting water in the cargo space
Notify the harbour authorities at the port of destination
Seal the hold completely and monitor the cargo using suitable instruments
Notify the ship owner and/or charterer
Which of the following options would be a typical pressure setting for a main engine slow down in the event of jacket cooling water system low pressure?
Prior to its partial removal in a water scrubber, what is the approximate Sulphur Dioxide content of flue gas produced by the combustion of fuel oil?
Why should boiler sootblowers normally only be operated in the correct sequence?
To minimise loss of steam pressure
To ensure soot is cleared progressively from the bottom tubes to the top and toward the boiler uptakes.
To avoid excess stress in the boiler.
So that the operator does not forget which sootblowers have been used.
On a Bulk Carrier, which of these cargoes is susceptible to liquefaction due to compression and/or vibration?
The best way to identify an IED is to?
Measure the size of the object.
Recognize its components.
When data are to be transferred over a telephone line, we often utilize modem at each end. Which of the following adapter cards (parts) will you use for interfacing a modem to a computer?
What name is given to the short, intial wash given to tanks that have just contained certain particularly hazxardous cargoes before the ship leaves the unloading port and where the washings are landed to shore or to a slop barge?
A mandatory customer post discharge wash.
A portable oxygen analyser for use onboard ship is of the paramagnetic sensing element type. It is being used to test the atmosphere of a space onboard ship but starts to give erratic readings. There is no obvious indication as to why this is happening. Select from the options given the most likely cause of this problem.
The battery power is low.
The sampling filter is blocked preventing gas from entering the sampling camber.
Nitrogen gas is present in the atmosphere.
The sampling filter is partially blocked giving rise to wide pressure variations in the sampling chamber.
What is the purpose of cooling down the cargo tanks before loading an LNG carrier?
To detect any serious loss of efficiency in the insulation which will show as frost on the mild steel inner hull.
To detect if liquid has gone from the bottom of tanks.
To control vaporisers and heaters so that temp of LNG vapour is higher than existing tank atmosphere temperature.
To avoid excessive boil off during and prevent thermal shock to the primary containment system.
Which statement is correct for a fire door class "A-60"?
Class "A-60" fire doors shall prevent the passage of smoke and flame and the average temperature of the unexposed side shall not rise more than 180 degrees Celsius within 60 minutes
Class "A-60" fire doors shall be capable of preventing the passage of flame for minimum 60 minutes
Class "A-60" fire doors must be closed within 60 seconds
It is a requirement to keep class "A-60" fire doors closed for minimum 60 minutes
In what format will an On-Scene Co-ordinator report such information as on-scene weather and operation progress to other parties?
What is very important to do when starting to crude oil wash?
To fill up the lines slowly.
To build up pressure first.
Stop discharging and then start the whole operation slowly.
On a Ro-Ro vessel what would be the effect of a small GM?
An adverse affect on seaworthiness
What indicates the correct weight of a wrongly declared container?
The ship’s loading computer
Strain gauges fitted to the shore gantry cranes
The tare weight stamped on the container
Why do the cargo holds of a self-unloading bulk carrier have a ‘W’ shaped cross section?
So that during discharge the cargo will automatically fall onto the underlying conveyor belts
To make it easier for cargo to be discharged by grabs
To reduce the extent of tank top damages when discharging cargo
So that cargoes are self-trimming during loading
What is the situation of this vessel?
This vessel is not under command, but is making way through the water.
This is a vessel constrained by her draft.
This vessel is not under command and stopped in the water.
Subject to allowance by the Port State Authority, a tanker with a defective oil discharge monitoring and control system (ODME) may continue to trade for a limited period before a repair is effected. What period is allowed and what conditions apply?
No limit is placed on the vessel, provided it can be demonstrated to the Port State Authority that the appropriate spare parts have been ordered for delivery in the next convenient port.
One ballast voyage and one loaded voyage, provided no cleaning operations are commenced.
One ballast voyage before proceeding to a repair port.
The vessel may discharge her cargo but will then be detained in port until the ODME is made fully operational and approval from the Port State Authority obtained.
A mechanical-hydraulic speed control governor fitted to an auxiliary engine is giving erratic speed control causing the engine to hunt wildly even when there is only a small load change. From the options given which is the most likely cause of this condition?
Speed droop setting set too high.
Speed droop setting set too low.
Compensation needle valve is open too much.
Compensation needle valve is not open enough.
When washing a cargo hold of a bulk carrier prior to loading a cargo of steel products, why is the space washed down with salt water and then fresh water?
To maintain safe access by hold ladders
To assisting in drying the hold space
To prevent damage to paint coatings
To remove all traces of salt that would possibly contaminate the cargo if water drops onto the cargo
When securing a non-standardized portable tank what is a favourable securing angle that will prevent it from tipping in the fore and aft direction?
Why is it important to have an efficient fire patrol system on board passenger ships?
To ensure that an outbreak of fire may be prompltly detected
To control that passengers adhere to smoking regulations on board
To verify that the automatic fire-detection system is working properly
To show passengers in public areas we are on duty 24 hrs
What is meant by the term "certified gas free"?
A tank, compartment or ISO-container that has been tested and produced a negative result when tested for Hydrogen Sulphide and has then been closed until required for entry.
A tank,compartment or container that has been tested by an authorised person using an approved testing device and found to contain an adequate level of oxygen and free from toxic or flammable gases and for which a certificate authorising entry has been issued.
A cargo tank that has been tested by a ship's officer using a testing device that is in regular use and found to contain above 17.5% oxygen by volume and where a tank entry label is displayed in the vicinity of the tank lid.
A tank, compartment or container that has been tested for oxygen content by a certified shore chemist.
What are the operational requirements for a fast rescue boat?
It shall be transferable on each side of the vessel
There is no requirement for a launching appliance
It shall be served by a launching appliance to launch and retrieve the boat in still conditions
It shall be served by a suitable launching appliance to launch and retrieve the boat even under severe adverse weather conditions
Thermocouples are often used for measuring temperatures. Which of the following descriptions are valid for a thermocouple?
A junction between two dissimilar metals generates a small voltage.
A semi-conductor device that exhibits a negative coefficient of resistance with temperature.
A resistance device that exhibits a positive coefficient of resistance with temperature.
A quartz crystal that changes its resonant frequency with temperature.
You are going to inspect a fresh water tank together with one of the Engineers. Is it safe enough to open the manhole and enter the tank (it is only fresh water) or do you have to take extra precautions before entering?
Make sure that the tank/ enclosed space is gas free, ventilated and the oxygen content is measured. O2 content shall be 21% before entering the tank/ enclosed space
Bring a flashlight and put on safety shoes
Use a breathing apparatus if the oxygen level is below 21%
Remember to have a colleague standing by to assist you if any problems
What is the correct method to use for fitting a rolling contact bearing, such as a ball bearing, onto a parallel shaft?
Use emery cloth on the inner ring (contact surface) of the bearing.
Use a hammer and a pipe with the same diameter as the inner bearing ring and knock the bearing onto the shaft.
Gently heat the bearing in an oil bath and use a bearing puller to draw it onto the shaft..
Use emery cloth on the bearing surface on the shaft.
A bulk cargo of Coal is to be loaded in Australia for Europe; the coal is declared as having a high moisture content (but less than the transportable moisture Limit (TML)); what must the Master ensure?
The bilges should have been sealed prior to loading
The bilges must not be pumped out
The bilges must be pumped out regularly
All cargo hold bilges are sounded daily and the amount of water logged; the bilges can then be pumped out.
Why do Bending Moment (BM) curves sometimes differ between the loading manual and loading computer?
Because BM values in loading computers are often taken at the bulkheads whereas loading manuals calculate stresses at intermediate points as well
Due to the age of a vessel
Because BM values in loading manuals are often taken at the bulkheads whereas loading computers calculate stresses at intermediate points as well
Due to steel replacements made during the life of a vessel
The figures show a graphical symbol for a particular electronic component and a typical operating characteristic for the same. Which component?
What is the meaning of TLV and what unit do we use on it?
TLV is the threshold limit value and the unit is ppm - parts per million.
TLV is the total level value and the unit is ppm - parts pr million.
TLV is the technical limit value and the unit is ppm - parts per million.
TLV is the threshold limit value and the unit is litre.
What advice would a harbour pilot give the Master?
A harbour pilot would advise the Master to have the steering gear tested
A harbour pilot would advise the Master to single up to one line and back spring, fore and aft
A harbour pilot would advise the Master to request port control for permission to leave the berth
A harbour pilot would advise the Master to ensure that the crew is on stand-by
Check the items that can be a possible threat
"Piracy, Hijacking and Smuggling"
Cargo tampering and Stowaways
What is the purpose of Material Safety Data Sheets?
To provide personnel in deck- and engine department with procedures for handling or working with that substance in a safe manner
To determine if the substance is flammable or not
To provide the safety officer with procedures for handling or working with that substance in a safe manner
To provide all personnel including emergency personnel with procedures for handling or working with that substance in a safe manner
Indicate the correct name for the part marked on the sketch:
What are ‘Dangerous Goods’ within the context of containerisation?
Goods that are liable to explode
Substances, materials and articles covered by the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code
Goods that are self-heating and liable to spontaneous combustion
Goods that are liable to cause damage to the ship
The pressure control of a vessel's domestic water system, which includes a hydrophore tank pressurised by air, is achieved by stop/start of the fresh water pumps using pressure switches. How should the system be prepared for first use to give correct operation of the pressure control?
Fill the hydrophore tank to approximately 75% full with water and then pressurise with air up to the pump cut out point.
Fill the hydrophore tank up with freshwater allowing it to compress the air already in the tank and then adjust the pump cut out to match the pressure in the tank when it is almost full.
Pressurise the hydrophore tank with air to approximately 50% of the pump cut out pressure and then allow the pump to fill the tank until it cuts out.
Fill the hydrophore tank completely with water and then pressurise with air up to the pump cut out point.
Why should a surveyor be in attendance when discharging steel rebars from a General Cargo Vessel?
In case cargo is found damaged during cargo discharge operations
Because individual rebars will be inter-twined with those below them and will therefore be discharged in damaged condition
Because of charterers? requirements
Because it is a P. & I. Club requirement
When should additional lashings on general cargoes be considered?
When heavy weather is anticipated for the planned voyage
When passing through the Tropical Zone in winter months
When passing through the Summer Zone in winter months
With the onset of heavy weather
Which of the following temperature sensors normally gives the highest measuring accuracy?
Witch statement about fire doors is true?
Should be kept closed at all time.
Should be kept open at all time.
When closed during an emergency, passengers may get hit and injured.
Fire doors have no specific function.
When loading chemical cargoes in the United States, temperatures are often supplied in degrees Fahreheit. What does 60 degrees Fahreheit equate to on the Celsius scale?
What does the term "Hard a Starboard" or "Hard to Starboard" mean?
Start the ship swinging to starboard.
Do not allow the vessel to swing to port.
The wheel is difficult to turn to starboard.
Put the wheel fully over to starboard.
How do we recognize a leaking fuel injection valve during testing?
Fuel oil leaks out of the joint between the nozzle and the injector body.
The injector does not open at the normal opening set pressure.
The pressure falls off on the pressure gauge when trying to hold the pressure in the injector below normal opening set pressure.
The injector opens before normal opening set pressure.
A reefer vessel is to load a cargo of plantains and bananas. Due to space restrictions both have to be loaded into a common space. The usual delivery temperature for bananas is about 13 degrees Celsius and for plantains it is 7 degree Celsius. What would be the best delivery temperature for the mixture of these two fruits?
Adjust the set point of the delivery temperature to 7 C for 12 hour periods and 13 C for the intervening 12 hour periods.
7 C as plantains are more sensitive to the higher delivery temperature of the bananas.
10 C as this is the mean temperature of the two cargoes and they would both carry satisfactorily at this temperature.
13 C as plantains are less sensitive to the consequences of a higher delivery temperature.
This vessel is sighted ahead and slightly to port. What is her situation? What will you do?
This vessel is aground. I will navigate with extreme caution given the nature of the hazard.
This is a vessel not under command at anchor.
This is a vessel engaged in fishing vessel, with her nets fast on an obstruction. I will keep out of the way by rule 18 of the International Collision Regulations.
This is a vessel aground. She appears to have been headed to starboard of my track and I will therefore alter course to port, passing under her stern.
What term is applied to solid foods, commonly vegetables, that have been mashed and stirred until smooth?
When should a spreader be used for general cargo operations?
When the weight of a load needs to be evenly distributed by the lifting gear
When the length of a load is such that slinging it will create unacceptable bending moments
When the length of a load is such that slinging it will create sagging
When handling open-top containers
The internal e.m.f. generated in the phase windings of a lightly loaded a.c. generator is controlled by:
The prime mover speed and excitation current.
The internal volt drop and the load current.
The internal volt drop and the residual magnetism.
The prime mover and load current.
What basic information do we get from the pump system curve?
We get information about the pump’s suction height and liquid flow.
We get information about the pump’s liquid flow.
We get information about the pump’s lifting height and liquid flow.
We get information about the pump’s ampere, delivery pressure and suction height.
In describing the characteristics of oil cargoes or oil / water slops, what is a mercaptan?
The component of hydrocarbon-based cargoes which is formed from Merolion Carbonized Tannin.
A device fitted to a cargo pump which automatically alerts the operator once traces of water start to be detected during discharge.
A chemical additive blended with crude oil to inhibit the natural "rotton egg" smell associated with certain grades.
A colourless, odorous gas, with a smell similar to rotting cabbage and which is generated naturally by the degredation of natural organisms, as may be found where water has remained under oil for a long time.
You are alongside, port side to, about to commence loading several grades of chemicals. The Duty Officer instructs you over the walkie-talkie to proceed to the port manifold and open the valve to 4 port line. When you get there, there is no hose connected to that line. What will you do?
Open the valve to 4 port line as instructed.
Report the situation back to the Duty Officer. Request clarification and confirmation of the instruction.
Take a look at the starboard manifold. There is a hose loop between 4 port and 4 starboard lines. Assume the Duty officer must have meant this side and open 4 port line on this manifold.
Although there is no hose connected to 4 port line, there is one connected to 3 port line. Assume the Duty Officer must have meant this line and open this valve instead.
What are defined as the gas dangerous areas onboard a gas vessel?
Gas dangerous areas onboard gas carriers are cargo compartments and cargo piping
Gas dangerous areas onboard gas carriers are cargo compartments and cargo piping, hold spaces and other spaces where cargo pipes are located
Gas dangerous areas onboard gas carriers are cargo compartments and cargo piping, hold spaces and other spaces where cargo pipes are located, compressor and pump room, open deck over cargo area
Gas dangerous areas onboard gas carriers are cargo compartments, cargo piping and bunker tanks with pipes
If a leak starts from a flange joint during cargo discharge, which of the following should you do?
Attempt to tighten the bolts on the flange. If the leak continues, place a container underneath the leak and ensure it is emptied into a slop tank or drum at regular intervals.
Attempt to tighten the bolts on the flange. Report the gasket as defective at the handover of the watch and leave a note in the Cargo Control Room to replace it at the end of discharge.
Report the leak to the Responsible Officer. Depending on the pipeline arrangement, stop the discharge, or isolate the section of pipeline concerned and releive the pressure inside the pipeline. Put on the appropriate personal protective clothing and equipment. Attempt to tighten the bolts on the flange. Resume discharge with caution. If the leak continues, stop the discharge and change the gasket. Clear any cargo spillage according to the applicable recovery procedure.
Attempt to tighten the bolts on the flange. Spread sawdust underneath the leak. Clear contaminated sawdust away at regular intervals and replace with fresh sawdust as necessary.
A small consignment of dangerous goods is to be loaded on deck of a General Cargo ship; choose from the following stowage position which is the most suitable ?
The forward end on No 2 hold
The aft end of No. 4 hold
A refrigeration plant is short cycling even though there is plenty of refrigerant in the system and all of the rooms are above temperature. From the options give select the one which is the most likely cause of the problem?
Low oil level in the sump causing the automatic low oil pressure cut out to operate.
Blocked filter drier causing the automatic low pressure cut out to operate.
Insufficient cooling water flow through the condenser causing the automatic high pressure cut out to operate.
Ice formation in the meat room evaporator coil causing the automatic low pressure cut out to operate.
The cargo tanks of liquefied gas carriers are usually insulated. Why is it necessary to insulate these tanks?
To protect the cargo tank from collision damage.
To minimise heat transfer to the cargo and to avoid excessively low hull temperatures.
To prevent static electricity build up in the cargo tanks.
To reduce the volume of the hold space.
What is typical for a continuous control system
The output signal is equal to the input signal
The control valve will always be changing positionv
It is possible to predict the control mathematicallyIt is possible to predict the control mathematically
It is not possible to have a stable process
During maintenance work at sea an engine room rating is moving a heavy component to the workshop using a chain block attached to an overhead trolley on a rail. Part way through the operation the rating is asked by the engineer to go immediately to the store for some equipment. What should the rating do?
Immediately land the component on the deck and secure it to a hand rail stanchion and go and get the equipment from the store.
Leave the component suspended from the chain block and go and collect the equipment from the store.
Continue with the moving operation until the component is properly secured in the workshop before going to the store for the equipment.
Immediately land the component on the deck but leave the chain block attached and go and collect the equipment from the store.
High-level alarms are always switched on during loading operations. Is it necessary to have them switched on during discharge operations on a chemical tanker?
The only way a high level alarm will activate during discharge is as the set level is passed as the tank empties. It is therefore of no value to have them switched on.
No, the alarms are only of value and significance for an increasing liquid level such as is found during loading.
Yes, there is still a risk of overflow if several tanks are connected to a common line system.
It is wholly the choice of the Officer of the Watch whether he uses high level alarms during a discharge operation.
A delta connected 3-phase A.C. induction motor is running normally at its rated current of 150 A when a single phasing fault (open circuit) occurs in one line. The likely outcome will be:
Line currents: 0 A, 180 A, 180 A. Trip condition: trip on overload.
Line currents: 150 A,150 A,150 A. Trip condition: fuses blow on short circuit.
Line currents: 75 A, 75 A, 75 A. Trip condition: no trip but speed falls.
Line currents: 0 A, 150 A, 300 A. Trip condition: trip on overload.
Soot blowers should be used in proper sequence so that
decks will not be full of soot
no excess stress in the boiler
no loss of steam pressure
soot would be swept toward the uptakes