家在线测试 CES Oil tanker Deck Support Test online CES 5.1 for Deck department, Support level, Oil tanker vessel

在线测试： Test online CES 5.1 for Deck department, Support level, Oil tanker vessel

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该测试由有关选定主题的随机问题组成。

问题 1 从 90

Which one of the listed requirements regarding lifeboat equipment correspond to present regulations? The normal equipment of every lifeboat shall include:

Helicopter rescue equipment

Sea charts and navigation equipment

A survival manual

Oil pollution equipment

Oily rags and metal turnings

are not a fire hazard at all

are not a fire hazard unless ignited

are a fire hazard because they generate their own oxygen when ignited and are therefore difficult to extinguish

are a fire hazard because they are liable to spontaneous combustion

How is a radio-telex traffic list transmitted:

ARQ

SELFEC

FEC

Don't know

The display of a radiotelephone-installation shows the following selections: Transmitting mode: H3E Transmitting frequency: 2187,5 kHz The transmitting mode indicator is “flashing”. This can mean that:

You are ready to press the send buuton

The radiotelephone-alarm signal must be transmitted now

The transmitting mode is not compatible with the chosen frequency

The “H3E”mode is to be selected before transmitting on the 2187,5 kHz band

If the radar is set onto the Relative Motion Display, what would an echo of a target with no trail indicate? Note this the trail of the echo and not a vector.

The target is on the same course and speed as own ship.

The target is stopped and making no way through the water

The target is on a constant bearing and getting closer to own ship.

The target is on a collision course with own ship.

When a ship is lying at anchor in a tidal area using both forward anchors, to what particular aspect should the officer of the watch be paying special attention?

When the ship swings to the tide the direction of swing should be controlled to avoid the anchor cables becoming wrapped round each other.

The ship will become controlled by the tide and the wind will not be allowed to have any effect on the direction the ship lies at anchor.

The two anchors will restrict the ships swing with the tide and the ship may not lie to the prevailing current and wind

The tension on both cables should be similar, to avoid one dragging and all the weight of the ship remaining on the other anchor only.

If you are called upon to reeve a new wire onto a self-stowing winch drum you would, after looking at brake arrangement, reeve it to pay out as follows:

Depends on the lay of the wire strands

Direction B

Direction A

Doesn-t matter which direction

In shallow water a ship will experience "Squat". What are the principle reasons creating the effects of squat?

There are changes in the bow and stern pressure fields associated with the ships motion.

There is an increase in the water velocity and a decrease of water pressure around the ship's hull

There is a decrease in the water velocity and an increased of water pressure around the ship's hull

There is an increased effect of gravity due to closeness of the sea-bed

When Sen. Deck Off. of both vessels involved have decided which will be the last lines to be let go whilst unmooring, these lines should be made fast as follows on the ship accepting the lines.

By keeping the rope on the warping drum of a deck winch, fig. 3.

By turning up the rope on the bitts, fig. 1.

By putting the eye on the bitts, fig. 2.

By shackling the eye to a strongpoint, fig. 4.

While navigating using a paper chart marked WGS84 the OOW plots the ships position by four different methods and they all give slightly different positions. Which of the following would be considered the most accurate.

Radar ranges from two radar destinctive headlands

GPS set on WGS84 datum

Bearing and distance from a navigation buoy close to the vessel

Gyro compass bearings from two lighthouses

On board a ship, how many lifebuoys can you expect to be fitted with a self-igniting light ?

Half of the total number of lifebuoys provided on board

The two lifebuoys of the quick-release system and at least one other in the vicinity of the stern

The total number of lifebuoys provided on board

Only the two life buoys of the quick-release system

When mustered to an abandon ship drill, what is the first thing you do when entering the muster station?

Wait for the order to put on your life jacket

Pick up a life jacket

Wait for orders

Report your presence

You are in open water and clear conditions. You are approaching the pilot station when you hear this signal from a vessel ahead of you. What does it signify?

That the vessel is starting his engine and resuming his passage.

That the vessel is operating astern propulsion.

That the vessel is picking up his pilot.

That the vessel is altering his course to starboard.

When you are taking an "ullage" on a cargo tank on an oil tanker, what are you actually doing?

Measuring the distance from the surface of the cargo to the ullage reference point

Measuring the distance from the bottom of the tank to the ullage reference point

Measuring the distance from the bottom of the tank to the surface of cargo

Measuring the distance from the surface of the cargo to the underside of the maindeck

What is the correct initial firing procedure to be adopted when bringing a main steam boiler up to pressure from cold condition?

Start the firing on maximum rate and raise the pressure in as short a period as possible, to save energy.

Start the firing on minimum rate and alternate with maximum rate continuously firing until the boiler is up to pressure.

Start the firing on minimum rate and continuously fire until boiler is up to pressure.

Start with intermittent firing, using small firing periods and long intervals gradually building up to longer firing periods and shorter intervals until steam pressure starts to rise.

You have just been handed six sample bottles by the cargo surveyor, containing Nitric Acid drawn from a cargo just loaded on your ship. How will you move them to the sample locker, prior to storage?

I will carry as many as I can in my arms in one go, but ensure first that I put on a pair of chemical-proof gloves.

I will instruct the cargo surveyor that he must deliver the samples to the locker himself.

I will obtain a plastic carrier bag, put the bottles inside and take them to the locker as quickly as possible.

I will place them into a proper container with a handle, such as a sample carrier or a strong bucket. When I move them, I will ensure that I am focused on this task alone.

On the figure there are four (4) possible definitions of the term "AIR DRAUGHT" given. Which one is the correct one?

Air draught is given by C on the figure

Air draught is given by D on the figure

Air draught is given by B on the figure

Air draught is given by A on the figure

Prior to bunkering operations it is necessary to check the quantity of fuel remaining onboard and that there is sufficient room for the fuel that is to be loaded. What is the best method to use to establish this?

Sound the tanks which you think might still contain some fuel.

Do a complete sounding of all fuel bunker tanks

Take a full set of readings from remote content gauges.

Use the latest figures from the fuel record book.

What is the main problem associated with a bulk cargo suffering moisture migration and developing a flow state

The may block up bilges

The cargo pile will remain stable

The cargo becomes semi-liquid and shifts easily causing major stability problems

The cargo may produce carbon dioxide gas

There are many applications in circuit theory where it is important to obtain the maximum possible power that a given source can deliver. This figure consists of a practical voltage source V(g) with internal resistance R(s). What resistance R(L) will maximize the power transmission from the source to R(L)?

R(L) = R(s)

R(L) = 2 R(s)

R(L) = 0.5 R(s)

R(L) = R(s) / sqrt (3)

What is the minimum number of bolts required in a 12 inch bolted flange cargo hose coupling?

8 bolts

4 bolts

6 bolts

A bolt in every hole

What action should be taken if machinery does not function properly?

If machinery does not function properly, its condition should be noted and plans for further action developed together with the Chief Engineer

If machinery does not function properly, the operational parameteres should be verified and the machinery stopped

If machinery does not function properly, it should be serviced immediately

If machinery does not function properly, the Chief Engineer should be consulted

An airway should be used when

The patient is breathing on his own but is doing so with great difficulty

The patient has stopped breathing

Patient has injury in the mouth

The patient is unconscious

When documenting Crude Oil Washing operations in the Oil Record Book, which of the following must be included in the sequence of entries?

The ullage in the tank at the commencement of washing

The ship's speed during the washing operation

The method of establishing that the cargo tanks were dry

The average oil cargo temperature during the washing operation

What measures should be taken in order to avoid flammable gases forming on top of coal cargoes on a Bulk Carrier?

Ventilation to be continuous?

Ventilation to be carried out as indicated in the IMO solid Bulk Cargo Code

Cargo to be ventilated by opening hatch covers at sea?

Cargo not to be ventilated?

The piston rod of a large two stroke diesel engine has been damaged and is heavily scored in way of the piston rod gland (stuffing box). It has been decided that it is economically viable to recondition the rod at a shoreside facility. Select, from the options given, the most suitable repair method that should be used?

Recondition the rod by build up using electric arc welding and surface grinding.

Recondition the rod by machining away the score marks and fit undersize rings to the stuffing box.

Recondition the rod by surface grinding and build up using plasma spraying with metal similar to the original.

Recondition the rod by surface grinding and build up using chrome plating to give a harder running surface and avoid similar damage in the future.

Ro-ro passenger ships shall either carry automatically self-righting liferafts or canopied reversible liferafts. What does it mean that a liferaft is automatically self-righting?

The liferaft will automatically turn back into an upright position when it is fully loaded with people

The liferaft will automatically turn back into an upright position when it is empty of people

It means the same as self-righting lifeboats

One person can manage to turn the liferaft back into an upright position

Which of the following food types are good sources of polyunsaturated and monosaturated fatty acids?

Meat products, such as pies, re-formed joints and burgers

Fish, nuts and vegetables

Sugar, chocolate and pectin

Full fat dairy products

Where is the "WINDLASS", in the figure?

The Windlass is inidcated by D, in the figure

The Windlass is inidcated by B, in the figure

The Windlass is inidcated by A, in the figure

The Windlass is inidcated by C, in the figure

What are the requirements for the number of portable gas measurement instrument(s) on tankers?

At least one instrument for measuring %LEL and one instrument for measuring volume %

Sufficient number of instruments.

At least 2 portable instruments for measuring flammable vapours.

At least 1 portable instrument for measuring flammable vapours.

What would it imply if at the discharge port cargo was found contaminated by a previous cargo?

That cargo interests will refuse to accept the cargo

That the vessel was unseaworthy when the voyage commenced

That the vessel will be arrested by cargo interests

That the vessel will be detained by port state control

When cross-flooding arrangements to correct unsymmetrical flooding and excessive heel angels in damaged condition are installed in passenger ships, what is the maximum angle of heel after flooding but before equalization?

10 degrees

30 degrees

15 degrees

20 degrees

In a circuit diagram of a simple hydraulic circuit, which of the alternatives does the following symbol indicate?

Directional control valve.

Throttle valve.

Pressure relief valve.

Double check valve.

Modern cellular container vessels which carry refrigerated cargo below deck mainly maintain an acceptable temperature in the cargo holds by which of the features given in the options?

By designing the vessels with a larger gap between the columns of containers.

By using large natural ventilators to achieve the required air changes.

By using powerful mechanical fans to achieve a large number of air changes.

By insulating the fuel tanks in the vicinity of the cargo space.

When is track line search normally used?

When the position of the search object is accurate

When a vessel or aircraft has disappeared without a trace

When the position of the search object is not accurate

When a direct communication between the search object and the search facility is available

Some charters will require a reefer vessel to carry a general cargo, for example paper rolls for the manufacture of fruit cartons, on the return, 'empty' leg of a voyage. Select from the options given, the main problem associated with carrying paper rolls on a reefer vessel in this way that the deck officers should be aware of.

Paper rolls must be handled with care to avoid damage to the ends of the rolls.

Paper rolls are sensitive to wetting.

The paper rolls are heavy and this may result in overload of the decks.

The hold insulation and vent trunking can be damaged if the paper rolls are improperly secured.

A positive displacement, rotary type, volumetric flow meter reads low with an error reading of 1% when used to measure flow of heavy oil and 2.5% when used to measure the flow of diesel oil. From the options given select the most likely cause of this difference in error?

The lower mass of diesel oil results in a lower reading.

The higher viscosity of the heavy oil is slowing down the rotary element in the meter.

The low lubricity of the diesel oil is increasing the friction in the rotating element and slowing the rotor down.

The meter is worn internally.

You are on a chemical tanker, where the duty officer usually controls the opertaion of the pumps and valves from a control room. You are in radio contact with him. The ship has just started to discharge several grades of chemicals to shore. Suddenly, the jettyman shouts across to you to "STOP". Which of the following will you do?

Inform the jettyman that you will check with the duty officer first.

It is important to keep the cargo discharge going, so you will ask the duty officer to slow the pumps to minimum speed while you find out what is happening.

Immediately repeat the request on the radio to the duty officer, then proceed to the manifold and stand-by for further instructions.

Ignore him, because you take your instructions only from the duty officer.

Which of these statements is incorrect with regard to Ro-Ro cargoes?

Stowage on deck is recommended when ventilation for a particular package is not required

Stowage on deck is recommended when constant supervision is required

Stowage on deck is recommended when there is a substantial risk of the formation of explosive gas mixtures

Stowage on deck is recommended when access to a particular package is required

Who is responsible for supervising stevedores during cargo operations?

The master

The duty officer

The chief officer

The stevedoring foreman

On the figure 4 possible definitions of the term "WINDLASS" are given. Which one is the correct one?

Windlass is given by A on the figure

Windlass is given by B on the figure

Windlass is given by C on the figure

Windlass is given by D on the figure

You have just completed your tank cleaning programme for a set of tanks that previously contained Toluene. What will the main hazard be when you enter the tanks for mopping and inspection?

The lower part of the tank may still be wet and slippery. You may not be able to see this from the deck.

The atmosphere inside may contain insufficient oxygen to support life, or toxic vapours, or both.

There will commonly be insufficient natural light to safely descend the access ladder.

That there may hydrocarbons present on the bulkheads.

What are flexitanks used for?

The carriage of liquid cargoes of a particular specific gravity

The carriage of liquid cargoes that do not have a Proper Shipping Name

The carriage of hazardous liquids, in bulk

The carriage of non-hazardous liquids, in bulk

When discharging a liquefied gas carrier it is normal to leave a small amount of liquid cargo in the tanks. This is then used to help keep the cargo tanks cold on the ballast voyage. What is the normal term used for this small quantity of cargo that is left in the tanks?

The foot

The toe

The heel

The shoe

What is the maximum allowed filling limit given by IMO for the cargo tanks of LNG carriers?

95%

98%.

100%.

90%.

Use Kirchoff's voltage law and Ohm's law to calculate the voltage V(2) across the resistance R(2).

0,75 V

2 V

4,5 V

6 V

During regular inspection of alternator windings it is found that windings are always covered with a heavy oil film coming from the atmosphere surrounding the auxiliary engine. After cleaning with an approved solvent, what should be done?

Reinsulate the windings after each cleaning

Take no additional action

Blank off intake air filters

Improve material of intake air filters

Chemical tankers commonly use portable "closed gauging systems". What is the particular safety design feature of such equipment?

They are attached to a special fitting on a tank lid and can only be operated when an indicator shows that the connection is "closed".

They can only be used on tanks in an enclosed area, such as the engine-room.

They allow the contents of a tank to be measured without any lids being opened, so protecting the operator from the possible release of any harmful vapours.

They clearly indicate when the surface of a cargo has been detected because an electrical circuit "closes" and a warning light is displayed.

There are a number of different designs of tanks used for the cargo containment systems for liquefied gas carriers including independent tanks. How many different types of independent tanks are there in the IMO Gas Codes?

There are three types of independent tanks; Spherical tanks, Membrane tanks and Prismatic tanks

There are three types of independent tanks, type A, B and C

There are two types of independent tanks; type 1 and 2

There is only one type of independent tanks; Spherical tanks

What is silica gel normally used for on board liquefied gas carriers?

It is used as a treatment for frostbite.

It is used as an insulating material for the cargo tanks.

It is used as a fire fighting medium for cargo fires.

It is used as a drying agent for the inert gas.

The maximum cylinder pressure is lower than normal due to:

Fouling in the turbocharger.

Fuel oil filters are clogged.

Lost propeller.

Fuel oil with poor combustion properties.

Where are you likely to find horizontal fractures on a bulk carrier?

Along the upper edges of hopper tank plating and the lower edges of topside tank plating

Along hatch coaming connections to the main deck

Along the tanktop plating

Along the lower edges of bulkhead stools

What will immediately diminish the function of a dovetail fitting?

Signs of corrosion of the adjacent deck plating

Rust stains around the welded seam

Signs of pitting

Chamfered or waved edges

You are receiving stores, including some cartons of frozen seafood. You spot a watermark around a particular carton. What might this be a sign of?

That the produce has been allowed to partially thaw at some stage during trans-shipment

That the carton has been previously used to transport another product

That the fish inside the carton are oily

That the carton has been standing in the open air and mositure has been absorbed into the packaging

Electric ozone generators are sometimes used to remove residual odours from refrigerated cargo spaces. Which of the options given is the additional action required to ensure the operation is successful?

The cargo space should be cooled down using the refrigeration plant.

The cargo space should be fumigated.

The fans should be run continuously in the cargo space.

The source of the odour must be located and removed.

What precautions should be taken, in addition to shutting the main air start valve, if work is to be carried out inside the main diesel engine crankcase?

Engage the turning gear and close every valve on the starting air receivers.

Engage the turning gear and put a notice at each engine control position.

Engage the turning gear, stop the starting air compressors and drain the air receivers.

Keep a man posted in the control room to stop anyone who tries to start the engine.

What are the requirements for heat exchangers that are used for heating the cargo during cargo handling operations on an LPG carrier?

The only requirement is that they must be designed and tested to tolerate minus 48 degrees C

They must be designed to withstand temperatures of minus 162 degrees C.

The only requirement is that they must be able to raise the cargo temperature to above 10 degrees C for transfer to shore storage tanks.

They must be designed to withstand the expected operating conditions with respect to pressure and temperature and the materials must be compatible with the cargo.

Which of the following statements is incorrect with regard to loading bagged fishmeal?

Cargo holds should be free of cargo residues

Cargo holds should be free of infestation

Dunnage is not required

Cargo holds do not require ventilation

Does MARPOL apply to liquefied gas liquefied gas carriers?

Yes.

No.

Only annex IV.

Only annex V.

What is IMO's requirement to maximum temperature for fully pressurised cargo tanks at ambient temperature?

50 C.

42 C.

40 C.

45 C.

Which of these statements is incorrect with regard to the loading of bagged fishmeal?

The antioxidant should not be less than 650ppm

The fat content should be less than 15%

The antioxidant should not be less than 100ppm

The moisture content should be between 6 and 12%

How often shall liferafts be serviced?

Decided by the safety officer

At intervals not exceeding 12 months

At intervals not exceeding 18 months

Every second year

What section of the Crew Agreement contains the “Contractual clauses”?

The ship's register

The inside page

ALC 6

ALC 1b

What is a "hot work permit"?

A list maintained by the Chief Engineer on which are the names of those crew members who are qualified to operate the ship's welding equipment.

A document issued by an authorised person, permitting specified work to done for specified time in a defined area, employing tools and equipment which could cause the ignition of flammable gases.

A document issued by a shipyard chemist authorising shipyard employees to board a vessel for the purposes of structural repairs.

A document completed by a ship's officer, authorising entry into an enclosed space for the purpose of welding, cutting and grinding.

When may watertight doors in watertight bulkheads in tweendeck cargo spaces be open on board passenger ships?

Daytime only

At any time if watched by an authorized person

In ports only

During cargo handling only

On the figure 4 possible definitions of the term "FORECASTLE" are given. Which one is the correct one?

Forecastle is given by C on the figure

Forecastle is given by B on the figure

Forecastle is given by A on the figure

Forecastle is given by D on the figure

The peak pressure (maximum cylinder pressure) is often taken as an indicator of medium speed engine performance along with other parameters. What would be a typical peak pressure for a modern, highly rated, medium speed diesel engine?

140 to 180 bar

10 to 12 bar

80 to 100 bar

14 to 18 bar

The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) covers detailed regulations to prevent various sources of ship generated pollution. Annex I - VI deals with regulations for the prevention/ control of pollution from:

Proper Pollution Prevention Training

Oil, Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk, Harmful Substances in Packaged Form, Sewage, Garbage and Ballast Water

All Harmful Substances we have onboard

Harmful Substances in Packaged Form, Sewage, Air Pollution, Garbage, Oil and Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk

Which is the "AFT BREAST LINE", in the figure?

The aft breast line is indicated by C, in the figure

The aft breast line is indicated by B, in the figure

The aft breast line is indicated by D, in the figure

The aft breast line is indicated by A, in the figure

For what purpose do we have booster pumps on the cargo discharge line onboard gas carriers?

On gas carriers we have booster pumps on the cargo discharge line to increase the discharge pressure and reduce the cargo temperature.

On gas carriers we have booster pumps on the cargo discharge line to increase the discharge line pressure above shore back pressure.

On gas carriers we have booster pumps on the cargo discharge line to easily reduce the flow and pressure to shore line.

On gas carriers we have booster pumps on the cargo discharge line to increase the discharge rate to shore.

According to regulations cranes and other lifting appliances onboard should, at regular intervals, be examined by ship's personnel and the result recorded in Register of Ship's Lifting Appliances and Cargo Handling Gear. How often should such examinations take place?

Every 5 years.

Annually.

Every 6 months.

Biannually.

A refrigerated break-bulk cargo (not palletised) is being loaded into a space that it will not fill. From the options given select the one which gives the best way to finish the stow.

With a vertical face that can be secured by netting.

The stow should be stepped down progressively over several rows so that it is self securing.

With a vertical face that can be secured by plywood sheeting.

With a vertical face which can be secured with wooden tomming.

During loading of palletised, chilled, perishable goods it starts to rain heavily in the port area. Some of the cargo pallets have been placed on the quay ready for loading. Select, from the options given, the best course of action to be taken to minimise any damage to the cargo.

Return the cargo to the cooling sheds until the rain ceases.

Shift the cargo to a position where there is overhead shelter.

Shift the cargo onto the deck and cover with a waterproof sheet.

Cover the cargo with a waterproof sheet.

What type of component does this graphical symbol illustrate?

Pressure-reducing regulator.

Pressure relief valve

Flow controller

Pressure switch

Under international regulations what must be ensured when discharging a bulk cargo?

The vessel must not be excessively trimmed

The method of unloading must not damage the ship's structure

The terminal representative must remain on board at all times

The stevedoring foreman must remain on board at all times

Why should cargo residues be removed from bilge wells?

Because corrosion will occur

Because bilge sounding pipes could become blocked

Because moisture levels will increase in the cargo holds

Because other cargoes will be contaminated

Why should engine and boiler rooms be kept clean and any oil spillage cleaned up immediately?

To avoid being fined by the port state control.

To reduce the premium to be paid to the insurance company.

To reduce risk of fire and the risk of slipping.

To prevent oil spillage from damaging deck paint coatings.

What must be done once the cargo holds of a General Cargo ship have been opened to discharge logs?

Carry out mechanical ventilation

Keep the holds open for as long as possible before allowing anyone to enter

Commence discharging immediately

Measure oxygen levels prior to allowing persons to enter the hold

Why should trousers worn in the galley be full length, but loose fitting?

Because ventilation will lessen the chance of cramp in the lower legs.

Because keeping the lower legs uncovered will lessen the chance of heat rash.

To lessen the chance of scalding, if a hot liquid is spilled.

Because it is the style adopted by all marine cooks.

Ship Security Plans all look the same.

FALSE

TRUE

On modern chemical tankers, nitrogen is often used to achieve a super-dry atmosphere within a cargo tank prior to loading. Sometimes however, equipment delivering a special air supply is fitted and available for this same purpose. What does this equipment do?

It injects nitrogen into the air.

It supplies super-cooled air.

It filters carbon-dioxide out of the air.

It supplies de-humidified air.

Which of the following cargo types is a general cargo vessel best suited ?

Containers and heavy project cargo

Pallets tinned foodstuffs and drums chemicals

Bulk grain and bulk cement

Fruit and vegetable cargoes

Which of the following types of cover should be fitted to the lower deck bilge wells of a conventional reefer vessel?

A steel watertight cover.

A steel grid.

An insulated plug.

A steel watertight cover with an insulated plug.

How to prevent liquid from getting into the cargo compressor?

By checking the pressure in the vapour line between the cargo tank and the cargo compressor.

By using a liquid condenser on the vapour line between the cargo tank and the compressor.

By checking the temperature on the vapour line between the cargo tank and the cargo compressor.

By using a liquid receiver on the vapour line between the cargo tank and the cargo compressor.

A ship experiences an interaction effect known as "Squat" when moving in shallow water. The amount of Squat is affected by the speed of the vessel through the water. If the speed through the water is HALVED what will be the change in the affect of "Squat"

The squat effect will also be halved.

There will be a significant change in the reduction of underkeel clearance, but the amount varies from ship to ship

There will be very little change to the effects of Squat.

The squat effect will be reduced to a quarter of its original value

Some fuel oil and lubricating oil separators have a facility to control the back pressure of the clean oil outlet. What is the purpose of this control function?

To help to maintain the oil/water interface at the correct position.

To control the amount of fuel passing through the separator.

To reduce the amount of sealing water required during operation.

To assist in discharging the bowl contents during the sludge cycle.

"Which of these precautionary measures can reduce the threat of piracy, if implemented?"

Plan to arrive at port at night.

Sail at full speed.

Turn off all of the ship’s lights at night.

Stay at least 15nm away from the shore.

On the figure there are four (4) possible directions, shown by the arrowed lines, which could be the correct direction associated with the term "HEAD LINE". Which one is the correct one?