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Home Online tests CES Oil tanker Handling and Stowage Test for seamans about Cargo Handling and Stowage on Oil Tanker (CES v6.0)
Online testing: Test for seamans about Cargo Handling and Stowage on Oil Tanker (CES v6.0)
Online test
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The test consists of 80 random questions.
Total questions on this topic: 119
Total questions on this topic: 119
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Your vessel is in an area of restricted visibility. You hear this sound signal. What does it mean?
That there is a vessel in distress nearby.
That there is a vessel engaged in underwater operations in the vicinity. She has divers down.
That there is a vessel at anchor in the vicinity.
That there is a vessel aground in the vicinity.
On board a crude oil tanker, guidance on the washing system and equipment along with the applicable operating procedures, can be found in:
The Oil Record Book – ship particulars page.
The Operating and Equipment (COW) Manual.
The ODME Operating Manual – manufacturer’s instruction section.
MARPOL – Annex I.
What is meant be the term “sour crude”?
Crude oil containing hydrogen sulphide content greater than 0,1 % by volume.
Crude oil containing hydrogen sulphide content greater than 0,3 % by volume.
Crude oil containing hydrogen sulphide content greater than 0,5 % by volume.
I don’t know.
Depending on the API, an error measurement of 0,1 degree Fahrenheit in a tank containing 300 000 barrels of oil will result in which of the following volumes?
50 barrels.
150 barrels.
300 barrels.
25 barrels.
According to SOLAS, the mechanical ventilation system of the cargo pump room shall be capable of making:
I don’t know.
At least 10 air changes per hour.
At least 20 air changes per hour.
At least 6 air changes per hour.
The maximum permitted oxygen content in the inert gas supply when inerting a cargo oil tank prior to gas freeing is:
8 % by volume.
12 % by volume.
5 % by volume.
I don’t know.
The approximate Upper Flammable Limit of Crude Oil when measured as a percentage volume in air is:
12,6 %.
15 %.
2,2 %.
9,5 %.
The purpose of permanent continuous coamings fitted from side to side across the decks near the accommodation of an oil tanker is:
To keep deck spills away from the accommodation and service areas.
To reduce the effects of racking stresses.
To push the sea water shipped onto the deck over the sides of the ship.
To increase the strength of the deck structure.
During Crude Oil Washing, those areas of the cargo tanks which are not directly struck by the oil jet from the tank washing machines are referred to as:
Hidden areas.
Protected areas.
Deflected areas.
Shadow areas.
For a vessel proceeding enroute, located more than 50 nm from nearest land outside a special area and having in operation its ODME, the maximum instantaneous rate of an oily water mixture is:
30 litres per nautical mile.
300 litres per nautical mile.
60 litres per nautical mile.
I don’t know.
On oil tankers, Cargo tanks can be isolated from machinery spaces by:
All the answers are good.
Pump room.
Cofferdams.
Ballast tanks.
If for some reason a vessel does not comply with a Classification Society’s requirements, what can a surveyor issue to the vessel enabling it to sail to the next port or for a period of time?
A Notification of Deficiency.
A revised Class Notation.
A Condition of Class.
A notification of Detention.
The purpose of the “mud box” fitted on a tanker is to:
Collect ships waste and water mud when ballasting and de-ballasting.
Catch the mud from the anchors and cables and deposit these at the windlass.
Restrict any particles and solids entering the pipeline system.
Catch spills when connecting the discharge or loading hose.
Prior to discharging cargo from an oil tanker, “line displacement” is usually conducted to:
To balance a rigid cargo arm.
I don’t know.
The calibration of the ship’s flow meter.
Verify the pipeline contents with previous grade have been replaced.
What is this?
The United Nations stamp used for endorsing international shipping certificates.
The United Nations Packaging symbol used for Dangerous Goods.
The identification stamp placed in the passport of a stowaway by an Immigration Officer to indicate that his or her nationality is “unknown”.
The “Unitary Nomenclature” symbol placed alongside the name of a dangerous cargo in shipping documents to indicate that it appears on the list of approved international shipping names.
Oil tankers of 70 000 tons and above, delivered after 31 December 1979 shall be:
No requirement regarding number of slop tanks.
Shall be provided with at least 2 slop tanks.
I don’t know.
Shall be provided with slop tank.
A “Pellistor” is:
It is the electrical sensor which detects low pressure in an Inert Gas generating control system.
It is a sensor that can be used in a combustible gas indicators to detect and measure flammable gas concentration as a percentage of its lower flammable limit.
I don’t know.
It is the common term applied to the metal, ceramic or other heat-resisting material which can cool even an intense flame below the temperature required for ignition, as utilised in a flame arrester.
If W = Displacement, L = length, B = Breadth, D = depth of vessel, Cb = Block Coefficient, Cw = Coefficient of Waterplane, RD = Relative Density, then:
W = L · B · D · Cb / RD.
W = L · B · D · Cb.
I don’t know.
W = L · B · d · Cw.
When conducting a risk assessment for a shipboard work activity, the two elements to be considered are:
The chance of an incident re-occuring and the potential effects of an loss.
The available manpower and their experience in this type of work.
The potential severity of harm and the likelihood that harm will occur.
I don’t know.
The purpose of expansion couplings to be fitted on the longitudinal pipelines of oil tankers is:
To allow the pipelines to follow the ships flexing movement when pitching.
To allow the pipeline to expand when loading a hot cargo through the pipeline.
To prevent the pipeline from cracking when the ship suffers from Racking stresses.
I don’t know.
The scantling draft of an oil tanker fitted with segregated ballast tanks is:
The minimum draught amidships when in ballast condition.
The maximum draught determined by the Loadline Rules.
The draught for which the structural strength of the ship has been designed.
I don’t know.
After passing through the scrubbing tower of an inert gas system, the approximate level of carbon dioxide in the inert flue gas should be:
3 %.
21 %.
1 %.
13 %.
An oil tanker with a defective Oil Discharge Monitoring Equipment may be allowed by a Port State Authority to trade for:
One ballast voyage before proceeding to a repair port.
I don’t know.
The vessel will be detained until ODME is rectified.
Two ballast voyage before proceeding to a repair port.
When cargo discharge reaches stripping levels on an oil tanker, it is necessary to reduce the inert gas pressure so as to:
Comply with the requirement of MARPOL Annex VI.
Avoid over-capacity in the IG generator.
Avoid locking the cargo pump impeller.
Minimise blowback.
How many square metres does the IAMSAR Volume 3 manual suggest may be calmed by releasing 200 litres of lubricating oil slowly through a rubber hose with the outlet maintained just above the surface while the ship proceeds at slow speed?
Approx 500 square metres.
Approx 5 000 square metres.
Approx 50 square metres.
Approx 50 000 square metres.
Substances, materials and articles shall be stowed as indicated in the Dangerous Goods List of the IMDG Code, in accordance with a series of stowage categories, which are designated as:
5 categories, labelled A-E.
Three categories, numbered I, II and III.
10 categories, lattered A-K (excluding I).
10 categories, numbered 1-10.
Where would you find the document relating to the “Condition of Freeboard Assignment” onboard?
With the Safety Construction Certificate.
With the Classification Records.
With the Loadline Certificate.
With the Structural Survey File.
What is to be considered when deciding the position of the accommodation on an oil tanker?
I don’t know.
A single failure of deck or bulkhead shall not allow fumes into the accommodation spaces.
They must be at the after end of the vessel.
There are no restrictions to the position of the accommodation.
The purpose of the demister unit within the Inert Gas System is:
To remove water from the IGS stream.
To remove sulphur oxides.
To cool the inert gas.
To prevent overheating.
When internally transferring any oil cargo within the vessel, the correct procedure would be to:
Obtain permission from the receivers and retain all e-mail correspondence for the attention of the cargo surveyors.
Transfer no more than 5 % of the total cargo volume at any one time.
Obtain permission from the charterers and document all operations fully in the Oil Record Book.
It is not necessary to obtain any permissions, provided the Captain makes an entry in the Deck Log Book, documenting his reasons for moving cargo.
The recommended guideline for avoiding the risk of electrostatic potential in a mist produced by using oil and water during Crude Oil Washing operations is that:
Crude Oil Washing, where the oil source is stored in a slop tank or other tank that has previously contained slops, should be avoided.
I don’t know.
Before washing begins, any tank that is to be used as a source of oil for Crude Oil Washing should be partly discharged to remove any water that has settled out during the voyage. The discharge of a layer of at least 1 metre is necessary for this purpose.
If a slop tank is to be used to supply oil to drive a Crude Oil Washing operation in a cargo tank, then that slop tank must not have contained slops with a water content of more than 2 %.
As per international regulations, the minimum inert gas pressure required to be maintained in slop tanks if slops are retained on board is:
10 mm/water gauge.
750 mm/water gauge.
1 000 mm/water gauge.
100 mm/water gauge.
Under the ISM Code the provision of individual control measures for specific work-related tasks exist in the:
Definition of supervisory responsibilities.
Documentation of individual job descriptions.
Permit to Work system.
Due diligence clause.
The inert gas system shall be capable of delivering inert gas to the cargo tanks at the rate of:
No such requirement.
At least 125 % of the maximum discharge capacity.
At least 135% of the maximum discharge capacity.
At least 150 % of the maximum rate of discharge capacity.
The approximate API gravity of Arabian Light Crude is:
30°.
40°.
27°.
33°.
When describing the characteristics of oil cargoes or oil/water slops, a “mercaptan” is:
A device fitted to a cargo pump which automatically alerts the operator once traces of water start to be detected during discharge.
A chemical additive blended with crude oil to inhibit the natural “rotten egg” smell associated with certain grades.
The component of hydrocarbon-based cargoes which is formed from Merolion Carbonized Tannin.
A colourless, odorous gas, with a smell similar to rotting cabbage and which is generated naturally by the degredation of natural organisms, as may be found where water has remained under oil for a long time.
On a traditional crude oil carrier, it is possible to arrange the valves in the bottom of a pumproom so that cargo flows from one bottom line to another. When more than one grade of cargo is carried, what is the operational safeguard requirement regarding these valves?
There is no so special requirement.
That two valves must be closed on each line or a “spacer” removed to ensure no direct connection between tanks.
That one valve segregation is maintained at all times.
That there is two valve segregation.
To correctly report an oil spill in US waters:
The master of the vessel responsible for the spill must advise the Environmental Protection Agency National Incident Reporting Center (or the appropriate regional office) within 2 hours of the incident being reported to that person.
The person in charge must first report the spill to the National Response Center or, if not practicable, to the Environmental Protection Agency regional office or local US Coast Guard Marine Safety Office. This must be done immediately that person has knowledge of the spill.
The person responsible for the spill must report preliminary details to the appropriate State Police within 30 minutes of the accidental discharge taking place.
I don’t know.
If the shipper wishes to ensure that a vessel or her operators will not be held responsible for any damage that may arise from the carrier issuing a clean Bill of Lading, even though the Mate’s receipt is marked as “unclean”, such a document is called the:
An addendum to the Bill of Lading.
A Letter of Credit.
I don’t know.
A Letter of Indemnity.
The DoS addresses the responsibility for the security of the water around the ship and the verification of increased threat levels.
True.
False.
A tanker in ballast, having recently left the discharge port is involved in a collision. The two vessels are still interlocked after the collision and a survey of the ships gives all crew members are safe and the damage is focussed to the vicinity of the impact. What should be the greatest concern at this time?
When the two vessels separate one (or both) of the vessels will have insufficient stability to remain afloat.
The vessels moving together will create even greater damage to their structures.
The possibility of pollution.
The ships moving together in the swell/seaway will cause a spark and consequently an explosion.
Which of the following best describes what the wax content of crude oil is?
The percentage of wax, expressed as a percentage, remaining in an oil product after distillation.
The percentage, by weight, of paraffinic wax found in a representative sample of the crude oil.
I don’t know.
The observed volume percentage of waxy deposit found in a cargo tank after discharge in relation to the total volume of cargo previously carried.
With reference to oil tanker equipment, the abbreviation VECS stands for:
Vapour Ejection Control System.
Vapour Emission Calibration System.
Vapour Emission Control System.
Vapour Emission Control Standard.
The Reid Vapour Pressure (RVP) test is commonly used for measuring:
The absolute vapour pressure of the liquid at 37,8 °C.
The absolute vapour pressure of the liquid at 15,6 °C.
The absolute vapour pressure of the liquid at 38,7 °C.
The absolute vapour pressure of the liquid at 59 °C.
A VLCC is to anchor in a depth of 80 meters in open water with moderate swell running. How many shackles of anchor chain should be used to ensure safely anchored?
8 shackles.
11 shackles.
6 shackles.
3 shackles.
When documenting Crude Oil Washing operations in the Oil Record Book, which of the following must be included in the sequence of entries?
The ullage in the tank at the commencement of washing.
The average oil cargo temperature during the washing operation.
The ship’s speed during the washing operation.
The method of establishing that the cargo tanks were dry.
The maximum oxygen content by volume permitted in the cargo tanks throughout the crude oil washing operation is:
10 %.
5 %.
3 %.
8 %.
When in-service testing a hose used for cargo transfer on an oil tanker (and for which the elongation of the hose assembly when new was greater than 2,5 %), the maximum permitted elongation before the hose must be withdrawn from service should be:
I don’t know.
Not more than 1,5 times the temporary elongation measured at the previous in-service test, as documented in the ship’s annual test record.
Not more than 1,5 times the temporary elongation measured when the hose assembly was new, as documented in the manufacturer’s certificate.
Not more than 1,25 times the temporary elongation measured when the hose assembly was last tested, as documented in the appropriate certificate.
At which of the following concentrations of Hydrogen Sulphide might a person experience dizziness, fatigue and memory loss?
40 ppm.
20 ppm.
10 ppm.
I don’t know.
As per the IMDG Code, “Proper Shipping Name” is defined as:
The correct chemical name of a potentially hazardous material, as identified from the Chemical Cargo List.
The name under which a dangerous material, substance or article is described for export purposes in the country of loading.
The name assigned by the manufacturer to a material, substance or article for the purposes of shipment.
The name to be used in any documentation relating to the transportation of the dangerous substance, material or article, such as on forms, labels and placards.
Prior carrying out a Crude Oil Washing operation, the tank from which the crude is to be used for washing is usually partially discharged. This is done so as to:
Ensure that all water settled in the tank is removed prior washing, so as to ensure that the fresh cargo can be loaded on top without fear of contamination.
Ensure that only the required quantity of oil are kept in the tank, so as to reduce the amount of slops retained on the ship.
Ensure that any settled water is removed from the tank and only “dry” crude is used for washing so as to avoid electrostatic hazards during washing.
What is the ideal maximum viscosity at which crude oil cargoes are best discharged for maximum efficiency of centrifugal pumps:
450 cSt (450 mm2/s).
I don’t know.
250 cSt (250 mm2/s).
45 cSt (45 mm2/s).
Oil tankers are subject to cyclical bending moments throughout their life as a result classification society rules require a specific minimum reduction in steel thickness to be maintained within “x” length amidships, where “x” is:
0,4 length.
I don’t know.
0,2 length.
0,3 length.
The examples of Aromatic Hydrocarbons will include:
Benzene, Toluene and Xylene.
Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen Peroxide.
Propane, Butane and Pentane.
Hydrogen Sulphide and Carbon Monoxide.
The longitudinal bending moments caused by cargo distribution on an oil tanker need to be taken into consideration:
Only during loading and discharging cargo.
Only when on ballast passage in heavy seas and when the vessel is pitching.
Only when on loaded passage in heavy seas and when the vessel is pitching.
During loading, discharging and on loaded passage.
After efficient scrubbing of inert flue gas what would be the concentration of sulphur dioxide be:
25 ppm.
100 ppm.
50 ppm.
10 ppm.
When tank cleaning hoses are tested for electrical continuity, they must display a reading of:
Not greater than 6 ohms per metre length.
I don’t know.
At least 8 ohms per metre length.
Not more than 10 ohms per metre length.
According to ISGOTT, in which of the following situations, when measuring vapour space oxygen content of a cargo tank, can a electrochemical sensors in gas measuring instruments become damaged or poisoned?
When the sample containing hydrocarbon/inert gas has a hydrogen sulphide content greater than 2 %.
When the sample containing hydrocarbon/inert gas has a hydrogen sulphide content greater than 1 %.
When the sample containing hydrocarbon/inert gas has a hydrogen sulphide content greater than 3 %.
I don’t know.
As per MARPOL, the contents of lines and pumps on a crude oil tanker at completion of discharge must be:
Drained and then pumped either ashore, or to a cargo tank or slop tank on board.
That they be drained directly (and only) to shore.
That they be cleared to shore by the use of compressed air.
That agreement be reached at the pre-cargo conference as to whether the ship or shore facility are to receive the “unpumpable product remaining in lines and pumps” and the appropriate side then clear the lines to the other by any appropriate means.
As per the IMDG Code, an “article” is referred to as:
A device that contains a dangerous substance or mixture of substances.
A device that is responsible for initiating a dangerous reaction.
A form that contains important information about a hazardous substance.
Something that is packed within a freight container.
When commencing the cargo transfer at the terminal, the decision to commence the transfer is made by:
The mutual agreement of those in charge of cargo operation, both on board and ashore.
The person in charge of cargo operation at the terminal.
The person in charge of the chartering and operation of the vessel.
The person in charge of cargo operation on the vessel.
One particular group of hazardous goods that is highlighted by the IMDG Code as potentially being the most dangerous for carriage is:
Infectious substances.
Organic peroxides.
I don’t know.
Liquefied gases.
Which of the following is a definition of a petroleum product which is “non-flammble”?
Petroleum having a flash point of 80 °C or above, as determined by the closed cup method of test.
Petroleum having a flash point of 60 °C or above, as determined by the closed cup method of test.
I don’t know.
Petroleum having a flash point of 100 °C or above, as determined by the closed cup method of test.
As per the IMDG Code, an “article” is referred to as:
Something that is packed within a freight container.
A device that is responsible for initial dangerous reaction.
A device that contains a dangerous substance or mixture of substances.
A form that contains important information about a hazardous substance.
Segregated Ballast Tanks on an oil tanker may best be defined as:
Cargo tanks which may be used for the carriage of ballast.
Cargo tanks which each have their own individual pumps, are fitted with independent piping systems and are served by unconnected ventilation arrangements.
Tanks which are completely separate from cargo or fuel oil systems, being permanently allocated to the carriage of ballast and fitted with their own pumps and associated piping.
Cargo tanks which may be used for ballast, where the lines are not connected to the Oil Discharge Monitoring Equipment.
When describing the characteristics of oil cargoes or oil/water slops, a “mercaptan” is:
A colourless, odorous gas, with a smell similar to rotting cabbage and which is generated naturally by the degredation of natural organisms, as may be found where water has remained under oil for a long time.
I don’t know.
A chemical additive blended with crude oil to inhibit the natural “rotten egg” smell associated with certain grades.
The component of hydrocarbon-based cargoes which is formed from Merolion Carbonized Tannin.
As per IMDG Code, the main criteria for drawing up classes for safe handling of hazardous substancesis on the basis of:
I don’t know.
Selective laboratory tests commissioned by the Committee.
Chronological order in which they have been assessed.
The type of hazard they present.
During tank washing, besides maintaining the tank oxygen content below 8 % by volume, it should also be ensured:
That the tank is maintained at atmospheric pressure level.
That a negative pressure is maintained in the tank.
That a positive pressure is maintained in the tank.
That a minimum of 2,4 bar inert gas inlet pressure is maintained in the tank.
When an inhibitor is added to an oil cargo, the items mentioned on the accompanying certificate include:
Inhibitor name; amount added; date added; period of efficiency; precautions if voyage length exceeds that period; eventual temperature limitation.
Inhibitor class; amount added; date of expiry; minimum period of optimum efficiency; precautions to be taken when added; minimum temperature requirement.
Inhibitor name; percentage applied; date of expiry; precautions to be taken on voyage and interval of application; maximum temperature at which continuously effective.
Inhibitor class; percentage blended; date added; maximum period of efficiency and applicable temperature limits; maximum storage period on board; contact number of manufacturer.
With reference to the exposure of “vapours” from oil cargoes, “Short Term Exposure Limit” value is determined by:
The airborne concentration of a toxic substance averaged over any 10 minute period, usually expressed in ppm.
The airborne concentration of a toxic substance averaged over any 15 minute period, usually expressed in ppm.
The airborne concentration of a toxic substance averaged over any 25 minute period, usually expressed in ppm.
The airborne concentration of a toxic substance averaged over any 30 minute period, usually expressed in ppm.
As per the US Code of Federal Regulations, the current Oil Transfer Procedures for a vessel carrying out discharge in US ports must be:
That the procedures be legibly printed in a language or languages easily understood by personnel engaged in the transfer operation and permanently posted or available at a place where crew members can see and use them.
That the Master of the vessel engaged in a transfer shall, before commencing any transfer operation, ensure that all crew members involved in that operation shall be familiar with the applicable operating and emergency procedures and be capable of communicating in a common language with terminal operators.
That the procedures be available in hard-copy or electronic format to the Supervising Officer in a language with which he is familiar.
That the procedures be printed in the English and Spanish languages and permanently posted in the wheelhouse of the vessel.
Any person who can assume overall charge of the ships crude oil washing operation must have:
They must have at least six months experience on tankers, be knowledgeable of the cleaning procedures and equipment applicable on board the vessel and be able to fully demonstrate understanding of the operation of the ODME equipment.
At least 12 months appropriate experience on oil tankers, have participated in at least two COW programmes and be fully knowledgeable of the contents of the Operations and Equipment Manual.
I don’t know.
They must have at least three months experience on tankers, have participated in at least six washing operations and be aware of the procedures associated with the completion of the Oil Record Book.
Within the Oil Discharge Monitoring and Control System, an “overboard discharge control” is defined as:
A device which automatically initiates the sequence to stop the overboard discharge of the effluent in alarm conditions and prevents the discharge throughout the period the alarm prevails.
A system which monitors the discharge into the sea of oily ballast or other oil-contaminated water from the cargo tank areas.
A facility which prevents the initiation of the opening of the discharge valve or the operation of other equivalent arrangements before the monitoring system is fully operational.
A system which receives automatic signals of oil content, flow rate, ship’s speed, ship’s position, date and time.
What is the relationship between absolute pressure and gauge pressure?
Absolute pressure = gauge pressure.
Absolute pressure = gauge pressure – atmospheric pressure.
I don’t know.
Absolute pressure = gauge pressure + barometric pressure.
What is a VPR (OPA-90)?
Vessel Response Plan.
Vessel Report Plan.
Vessel Response Procurement.
I don’t know.
What is the purpose of girders in the tank?
They transfer all the cargo forces acting on the plating.
They support the stiffeners and also take up some of the sea forces.
They transfer all sea forces acting on plating.
They support the stiffeners.
Every oil tanker of 5 000 tonnes deadweight and above delivered on or after 1 February 2002 shall comply with intact stability whereby it must have a minimum GM (metacentric height) in port of:
Not less than 0,10 m.
Not less than 0,25 m.
I don’t know.
Not less than 0,15 m.
You are on a sailing vessel, underway in open water. This vessel is sighted on the starboard bow, on a steady bearing and the distance is closing. By the International Regulations for the Preventing Collisions at Sea, what action will you follow?
Risk of collision is deemed to exist and, as the other vessel is on a steady bearing on my starboard side, I will maintain my course and speed.
This vessel is clearly a power-driven vessel and I anticipate that the bearing will therefore close and she will pass ahead at a safe distance.
Risk of collision is deemed to exist and, as the other vessel is on a steady bearing on my starboard side, I am required to keep out of the way. I will make a broad alteration of course to starboard.
By Rule 18, a power-driven vessel underway shall keep out of the way of a sailing vessel. I will maintain my course and speed, but will continue to monitor situation to ensure the other vessel takes avoiding action.
Crude oils may be considered to consist:
A natural mixture of carbon and sulphur isomers.
A refined blend of hydrocarbon compounds and sulphur extracts.
A mixture of carbon extracts and naturally occurring wax.
A natural mixture of simple and complex hydrocarbon compounds.
Besides danger of vapour inhalation by crewmembers, if Hydrogen Sulphide is present in high concentrations in crude oil, it can also cause:
Polymerisation.
Acid build-up.
Settling and layering.
Corrosion.
The «Cargo Handling and Stowage, Management, Oil Tanker» subject provides both theoretical and practical knowledge on safely working with electrical equipment. Mastery of this material is a key indicator of an employee’s competence in their role aboard a vessel. Cargo handling and stowage on an oil tanker involve the processes of loading, unloading, and storing liquid cargo, such as crude oil or petroleum products. These operations require meticulous planning, strict adherence to safety protocols, and compliance with industry regulations to ensure the safe and efficient transportation of liquid cargo.
- Version: 4.1, 5.0, 5.1, 6.0.0, 6.0.8, 6.0.10.
- Test type: STCW.
- Department: Cargo Handling and Stowage.
- Level: Management.
- Vessel type: Oil Tanker.
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