The test consists of 80 random questions.
Total questions on this topic: 209
You are in open water and clear conditions. You are approaching the pilot station when you hear this signal from a vessel ahead of you. What does it signify?
That the vessel is starting his engine and resuming his passage.
That the vessel is altering his course to starboard.
That the vessel is picking up his pilot.
That the vessel is operating astern propulsion.
Who is responsible for the number and the position of any tugs to be used during a mooring operation?
The Pilot is fully responsible for the number and use of tugs within the port area.
The Master, with consideration of the advice of the pilot.
The Port Authority will dictate the tug requirements and their use within the port limits.
It will be only the wind speed that will determine the required number of tugs and how they are used.
A ship is navigating in the Caribbean in August when it receives the warning of a Hurricane. To determine the centre of the storm the Master uses “Buys Ballot’s Law” and faces the wind. On what side of the Master would the low pressure area be located?
This is not a suitable method to use with a Hurricane.
Who is ultimately responsible for approving the voyage plan?
The Officer of the Watch (OOW) on duty.
The Second Officer as the official Navigation Officer.
The ship owner will provide overall parameters within which the ship must follow.
Rule 12 of the International Collision Regulations prescribes the action to be taken by a sailing vessel when meeting another sailing vessel. This depends on the direction of the wind relative to each vessel. In the situation shown here, which sailing vessel (A or B) must keep out of the way of the other?
The upwind sailing vessel must keep out of the way of the downwind sailing vessel.
Both sailing vessels are required to take avoiding action.
Sailing vessel A must keep out of the way of sailing vessel B.
Sailing vessel B must keep out of the way of sailing vessel A.
The ship is to berth alongside a quay in calm conditions of no wind or current. The ship has a signle fixed pitch right handed propeller. Which angle of approach would be considered the most favourable?
The decision should be left to the pilot who is in charge of the manoeuvre.
Which of the following answers correctly specify the following most common rudders? a) UNBALANCED, b) BALANCED, c) SEMI-BALANCED and d) UNDERHUNG BALANCED. i. e. The number in the picture is related to the letter adjacent to the name of the rudder.
1 = d, 2 = a, 3 = b and 4 = c.
1 = b, 2 = c, 3 = d and 4 = a.
1 = c, 2 = d, 3 = a and 4 = b.
1 = a, 2 = b, 3 = c and 4 = d.
What are the three possible types of messages seen when there is an ECDIS alert?
Either an Alarm, an Indication or a Caution.
Either an Alarm, a Warning or an Information.
Either an Alarm, a Warning or a Caution.
Either an Alarm, an Indication or a Caution.
In a canal without water flow, if a vessel was approaching a bank at an angle, what would be the probable effect on it?
The whole vessel would continue straight towards the bank and would require a large helm order to avoid going aground.
The vessel’s bow is attracted by the bank.
The vessel’s bow is pushed away from the bank.
The vessel’s stern is pushed away from the bank.
Why should a Ground Stabilised True Motion radar display not be used for anti-collision purposes?
True motion does not provide the collision risk of targets as only true vectors are available.
The true vector can never give an indication of collision risk with another ship.
The “aspect” of the target is confused, so the Regulations for Preventing Collisions cannot be accurately applied.
Because this display is only ever used for navigation.
The ship is sailing in shallow water with reduced Under Keel Clearance. If the ship is steaming with the engines at full RPM, what would be the speed in comparison to the speed achieved in deep water?
It would be very difficult to maintain full deep sea RPM on the engines and therefore difficult to assess the speed.
Which of the following figures drawn on the plane of the Meridian is correct for an observer in position Latitude 30° 00′ North; Longitude 15° 00′ West, when observing the sun on the meridian, if the sun’s Declination is 15° 00′ South?
Is the location of the Compass Binnacle critical?
Yes, for the reasons stated in all of the suggested answers.
Yes, it should be on the fore and aft centreline of the ship.
Yes, it should be away from all electrical power cables.
Yes, it should be sited on a non-metallic base if possible.
The rudder is in the hard over position with the propeller stopped and the ship turning slowly. On a ship with a single fixed pitch right handed propeller and no thrusters, what can be done to make the ship increase the speed of turn without significantly increasing the forward speed of the ship?
Give the engines a short kick ahead.
Give dead slow ahead on the engines and leave the rudder in the hard over position.
Give full astern on the engines until ship has stopped and then full ahead on the engines with rudder hard over.
Give half astern on the engines as this will increase the rate of turn.
What sound signal shall be used on ship’s whistle when there is a man overboard?
4 long blasts repeatedly.
3 long blasts repeatedly.
6 long blasts repeatedly.
5 long blasts repeatedly.
You are on a power-driven vessel underway in open water. You sight these lights on the port bow, on a steady bearing. The distance is closing. What are you looking at and what action will you take in compliance with the International Regulations for Preventing Collision at Sea?
This is a power-driven vessel, more than 50 metres in length or less than 50 metres in length and showing a second masthead light, restricted in her ability to manoeuvre. The sidelight of a second vessel can be seen beyond her. Under rule 18, I am obliged to keep clear of the first vessel and will therefore take appropriate avoiding action.
This is a power-driven vessel engaged in towing, less than 50 metres in length, length of tow under 200 metres and the tow, both being restricted in their ability to manoeuvre, seen from the starboard side. Under rule 18, I am required to keep clear and will take appropriate avoiding action.
The positions of the ship provided by the GPS receiver should always be verified by other means. Which of the following suggested methods would be the most accurate?
Bearing and distance from a navigational buoy.
Radar bearings of three distinctive shore objects.
A DR updated position from the last reliable one.
Radar ranges of three distinctive shore objects.
What special equipment can often provide assistance in locating a survival craft or man overboard and in the water?
A sectored search pattern.
What are the required data inputs into most gyro compasses to reduce any possible compass error?
All of the data in the suggested answers.
Maximum helm angle and rolling period.
Which of the following hull shapes would normally provide a directionally stable ship?
A long ship with a narrow beam.
A short ship with a narrow beam.
A short ship with a wide beam.
A long ship with a wide beam.
Two ships are meeting in a restricted channel as illustrated. Which of the following actions would be the most suitable to take on both vessels as they approach and pass each other?
Slow down if possible without losing steerage and be prepared for prompt application of rudder to counteract any swing as they approach and pass each other.
Increase speed slightly to pass each other as quickly as possible and thereby reduce the effects of “ship to ship” interaction.
Maintain speed and a straight course on the starboard side of the channel.
Keep as far as possible on the starboard side of the channel and maintain speed to retain effective steerage.
In the figure, which letter gives the correct understanding of the term “LENGTH OVERALL”?
Length Overall is indicated by C, in the figure.
Length Overall is indicated by D, in the figure.
Length Overall is indicated by B, in the figure.
Length Overall is indicated by A, in the figure.
When should gangway nets be rigged?
Between sunset and sunrise.
Whenever the gangway is regarded as unsafe.
When it is deemed necessary by the Master of the Chief Officer.
Whenever the gangway is rigged.
With a pilot ladder, the lowest spreader shall be the 5th step from the bottom. At what interval should there be further spreaders upwards on the ladder?
At intervals not exceeding 9 steps.
At intervals not exceeding 12 steps.
It does not matter where the spreaders are fitted.
At intervals not exceeding 15 steps.
Once a ship (equipped with self-stowing auto-tension winches) is moored alongside a loading or discharging berth, how is it recommended that the winches are set?
The “spring” winches be left in the auto-tension mode and all other winches with the manual brake on.
The “breastline” and “headline” winches be left in the auto-tension mode and spring winches with manual brake on.
All winches to be left with the manual brake on and out of gear.
All mooring winches be left in “auto-tension” mode.
What is the two letter signal, to be used by flags, radiotelephony or radiotelegraphy, meaning “Calling All Ships”?
After passage planning with ECDIS, how should the route be checked for safety?
Investigate the displayed waypoint list after it is printed out.
Transfer the ECDIS plan onto paper charts.
Using the ECDIS route checker and by visually sighting all along it.
Using the ECDIS route and geometry checker only.
If a ship in deep water requires 2 nautical miles to “crash stop”, what will be the crash stopping distance in shallow water for the same start speed?
Depends on the crash stop used.
Similar distance to deep water.
If a mooring winch brake tension is set to 60 tons, the setting has a safely allowance, what would be the maximum breaking load (MBL) of a wire used on the winch?
The lights here show those that must be exhibited by a vessel engaged in towing, as per rule 24 of the International Collision Regulations. But how long is the tow behind this vessel?
It is more than 50 metres but less than 200 metres.
It is less than 200 metres.
What is the purpose of a sea anchor?
To adjust the drifting speed of the lifeboat.
To keep the lifeboat steady against the sea/wind.
To keep the lifeboat in a position close to the vessel.
To give a better signals to any aircraft searching for survivors.
The rudder is hard over with the engine at full ahead. Will the turning effect of the rudder be changed if the engine is stopped?
Yes, the turning force will be dramatically reduced when the engine is stopped.
No, the turning force is unaffected by the speed of the propeller.
No, the turning force applied by the rudder will be maintained within about 90 % of the turning force when going full ahead.
Yes, the turning force will be reduced to about 50 % of the original force when the engine is stopped.
When a ship is lying at anchor in a tidal area using both forward anchors, to what particular aspect should the officer of the watch be paying special attention?
The two anchors will restrict the ships swing with the tide and the ship may not lie to the prevailing current and wind.
The tension on both cables should be similar, to avoid one dragging and all the weight of the ship remaining on the other anchor only.
When the ship swings to the tide the direction of swing should be controlled to avoid the anchor cables becoming wrapped round each other.
The ship will become controlled by the tide and the wind will not be allowed to have any effect on the direction the ship lies at anchor.
What would be considered the most favourable heading of a ship when launching a lifeboat?
The ship should lie stopped in the water with the weather on the opposite side to the boat to be launched.
The ship should steer about 100° of the prevailing weather and sea with the boat to be launched on the leeside.
The ship should steer with the prevailing weather and sea on the beam and the boat to be launch on the leeside.
The ship should steer about 30° off the prevailing weather and sea with the boat to be launch on the leeside.
Where can the size of the Magnetic Compass Error be found?
By reference to the last entry in the Compass Error Log Book.
By taking a transit bearing of two fixed geographical positions and comparing it with the bearing of the same points on the chart.
On the chart in the centre of the compass rose or by reference to the Variation chart, taking into account the annual changes.
By taking the error from the Deviation Table on the bridge.
Two ships travelling in opposite directions are to pass each other in a narrow river, as illustrated. Explain what is likely to happen as they pass each other?
Due to interaction, the bows will attract each other as they approach, then they will repel each other alongside and as they pass clear, the sterns will be attracted.
Due to interaction, the bows will repel each other, and then when alongside each other the two ships will be sucked together and finally the sterns will be repelled as they start to pass clear.
As they approach, rudder should be applied quickly to avoid sheering into the path of each other. Then as they are alongside they will be attracted and finally repel each other as they pass clear.
There will be very little effect between the two ships as they pass.
What actions should be taken by the Officer of the Watch if the ship’s steering system totally fails?
All of the suggested answers.
Display the NUC signal and stop the engine(s).
Call the Master and advise them of the situation.
Request the engine room to check the steering system.
What actions should the Officer of the Watch take when the ship’s steering gear fails?
Display the NUC signal and consider stopping the engines.
Request the engine room to check the steering gear.
All of the suggested answers.
Call the Master and advise him of the situation.
The ship’s rudder is full over when the ship’s engines are full ahead. Will the turning effect (lift force) of the rudder be changed when the engine is stopped?
No, the lift force is unaffected by the speed of the propeller.
Yes, the lift force will be dramatically reduced when the engines are stopped.
Yes, the lift or turning force will be reduced to about 50 % of the original lift force when the engines are stopped.
No, the turning force applied by the rudder will be maintained within about 90 % of the lift force when going full ahead.
Which type of vessel suffers from the greatest squat effects?
Vessel with a low Block Coefficient.
Vessel with a high Block Coefficient.
Vessel with a small length to beam ratio.
Vessel with a large length to beam ratio.
What is the correct understanding of the term “bank effect”? If a ship was approaching the bank at an angle, what would be the effect on the ship?
The vessel’s bow is pushed away from the bank.
The whole vessel would continue straight towards the bank and would require a large helm order to avoid going aground.
The vessel’s stern is pushed away from the bank.
The vessel’s bow is attracted by the bank.
You are proceeding up a river, with berths on both banks. You see this flag hoist on a vessel moored on a berth ahead. What does it mean?
You should proceed at slow speed when passing me.
I am about to depart the berth.
Caution! I have an anchor down.
You are proceeding along a narrow channel and approaching a bend, on the inside shore of which is a large hill, which obsures your view further up channel. What sound signal will you make to indicate your presence to any vessel that is behind the obstructing hill?
What are the limits of a passage or voyage plan?
From Full Away On Passage (FAOP) to End Of Passage (EOP).
It is dependant on the voyage and if there are any river or canal transits.
What radar device assists in the detection and location of a survival craft?
A personal locator beacon.
What is the two letter signal, to be used by flags, radiotelephony or radiotelegraphy, meaning “Calling All Ships”.
What is “AIR DRAUGHT”, in the figure?
Air draught is indicated by B, in the figure.
Air draught is indicated by A, in the figure.
Air draught is indicated by C, in the figure.
Air draught is indicated by D, in the figure.
Which of the answers best summarises the information which should be provided for the bridge Officer of the Watch within an effective Voyage plan?
Contingency arrangements in case of problems.
Expected prevailing wind and weather.
Courses to steer; distance off dangers; parallel index lines; expected currents; prevailing winds; distance between alteration points.
All of the suggested answers.
The position of the ship provided by the GPS should always be confirmed by other means, when possible. Which of the following suggested methods would be the most accurate?
Compass bearings of three shore objects.
Bearing using the Radio Direction Finding of three radio beacons.
The ranges of three distinctive shore objects on the radar.
Bearing and distance from a navigational Buoy.
What is important to check when transferring a position from the GPS output to a paper chart?
Ensure that the chart has been corrected up to date.
It is important to ensure that the GPS is setup on 2 dimensional and not 3 dimensional position fixes.
Ensure that the GPS is setup on the same datum as the chart.
Any necessary corrections are applied to convert between the GPS datum and the chart datum.
What is important to check when transferring a position from the GPS receiver to a paper chart?
Ensure that the chart has been corrected up to date.
The chart datum is correct for the area the vessel is located.
That the chart datum is also WGS84 or there are corrections.
That it is a “2D” fix and the antenna height is set correctly.
How can a new officer, just boarding a ship, ensure that he knows the location and operation of all navigational and safety equipment and take account of the operating limitations of such equipment?
By using the equipment on regular watchkeeping duties.
By following the standard company Induction procedures for a bridge watchkeeping officer.
The certificate of competency will ensure the officer has suitable competence in operating the bridge equipment.
By asking other officers and practicing with the use of the equipment.
What does this signal hoist mean?
I require immediate assistance.
I require medical assistance.
Do you require assistance?
Can anything be done on a vessel with forward speed, to reduce the change in heading caused by a right hand fixed pitch propeller being put astern?
Yes, the rudder can be put to port.
No, the rudder should be kept amidships when going astern and there is little that can be done to reduce the swing to starboard.
The rudder can be cycled from side to side.
The rudder should be put hard to starboard to reduce the water flow to the left side of the propeller.
The Second Officer, when on watch on the bridge, is often referred to as the OOW. What does OOW actually stand for?
On official watchkeeping.
What immediate actions should the Officer of the Watch take when the ship goes aground on an uncharted shoal in the middle of the ocean?
Stop engines and immediately request “Full Astern”.
Stop engines and call the Master.
Stop engines and tell the engine room to switch over to high suctions.
Sound the General Alarm and plot the ships position.
If a DSC distress alert is received on board your ship, what is the first action that should be taken?
Immediately answer the distress message on the correct radio frequency.
Determine how close your vessel is to the distressed vessel.
Contact SAR Authorities via nearest coast Radio station.
Listen for a distress message on the appropriate radio frequency for five minutes.
According to the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions and the illustrated lights, what type of vessel is this and from what direction is it viewed?
This is a vessel engaged in fishing other than trawling, making way through the water, with outlying gear extending more than 150 m in the direction of the all-round white light. Looking at its port side.
This is a vessel engaged in fishing other than trawling, making way through the water, with outlying gear extending more than 150 metres in the direction of the all-round red light. Looking at it from astern.
This is a vessel engaged in pilotage duties at anchor. Looking at its port side.
In an extreme case, in addition to having your winch brakes as tight as can be, you can increase the brake holding capacity of the winch drum by putting it in gear and setting the power to the “heave” position. However this may cause:
Strain on the fairleads and rollers in use in excess of their Safe Working Load.
All the listed alternatives.
The increased braking power of the winch to exceed the breaking strength of the wire and rope paid out from it which might cause the wire or rope to part.
Damage to the winch by distorting the shaft.
If whistles are fitted on a vessel at a distance apart of more than 100 metres, will manoeuvring and warning signals, as defined by rule 34 of the International regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, be given on one or both whistles?
Manoeuvring signals will be given only on the forward whistle; warning signals will be given on both whistles simultaneously.
They shall first be given on the forward whistle, followed by the after whistle, with a 5 second interval in between.
They shall be given on one whistle only.
They shall be given on both whistles simultaneously.
Two mooring lines are pretensioned equally and have the same length, same breaking strength and same directional load. However, one is made of wire (with a full load elastic elongation of about 1,5 % of its length) and the other made of nylon (with a full load elongation of about 30 % of its length). If a gust of wind increases the load on the lines, how will it be shared?
Wire takes 45 % of the extra load. Rope takes 55 % of the extra load.
Wire takes 55 % of the extra load. Rope takes 45 % of the extra load.
The wire and rope will share the load equally.
Wire takes 95 % of the extra load. Rope takes 5 % of the extra load..
The lights here show those that must be exhibited by a vessel engaged in towing, as per rule 24 of the International Collision Regulations. But how long is the tow behind this vessel?
It is more than 50 metres but less than 200 metres.
It is less than 200 metres.
According to the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions and the illustrated lights, what type of vessel is it?
This vessel is not under command, but is making way through the water.
This vessel is not under command and stopped in the water.
This is a vessel constrained by her draft.
The ship is navigating in dense fog where the visibility is less than one mile. The Arpa radar is set on a range 12 miles on a course of 314° and own ship has a vector as shown. What is the vector mode selected on the Arpa?
Relative vectors, sea stabilised.
Relative vectors, ground stabilised.
When should voyage planning be done?
During the pilotage when leaving the berth.
Prior to leaving the berth.
Before the vessel completes the previous passage.
Before the pilot is leaves the vessel at the departure port.
The ship is drifting in the open sea with a temporary engine breakdown. The ship is equipped with GPS navigation equipment. What should the bridge Officer of the Watch do in this situation?
All of the possible answers.
Keep a good lookout for other ships.
Plot the direction and rate of drift and predict the ships position for the period while the ship is “Not Under Command”.
Display the “Not under Command” signal and switch off the normal steaming lights.
This vessel is sighted ahead and slightly to port. What is her situation? What will you do?
This is a vessel engaged in fishing vessel, with her nets fast on a obstruction. I will keep out of the way by rule 18 of the International Collision Regulations.
This is a vessel not under command at anchor.
This is a vessel aground. She appears to have been headed to starboard of my track and I will therefore alter course to port, passing under her stern.
This vessel is aground. I will navigate with extreme caution given the nature of the hazard.
What is understood by the term “Dew point” of the air?
The temperature of the water vapour in a cloud.
The “Dew point” is the point at the centre of an Anticyclone.
The temperature at which condensation in the air forms into water droplets.
All of the suggested answers.
What is the correct understanding of the term “Isobar”?
An “Isobar” is the line showing the direction of the predicted path of a hurricane.
An “Isobar” is a line joining places of equal temperature.
An “Isobar” is the line of the cold front in a frontal depression.
An “Isobar” is a line joining places of equal pressure.
What corrections must be applied to the echo sounder reading to compare the depth of water with the depth printed on the chart?
Allowance for the ships speed.
The distance between the pulse Transmitter and Receiver.
You are in an area of restricted visibility. You hear this sound signal. What does it mean?
That there is a vessel in distress nearby.
That there is a vessel at anchor in the vicinity.
That there is a vessel aground in the vicinity.
That there is a vessel engaged in underwater operations in the vicinity. She has divers down.
What is the direction of wind associated with an anticyclone (area of high pressure) in the Northern Hemisphere?
Straight towards the centre of the anticyclone.
Anticlockwise around the high pressure.
Clockwise around the high pressure.
Directly away from the centre of the anticyclone towards the nearest low pressure.
Which of the following precautions should be taken when work is to be carried out on the radar scanner unit on the mast?
A “Not to be used” sign on all radars and fuses for the complete radar systems to be removed.
A sign needs to be attached to all the radars warning the bridge officers of repairs and the fact the radars are “Not to be used”.
Only the electrical fuses forthe radar undergoing repairs needs to be removed, allowing the ship to retain a workable radar.
Only the electrical fuses for the scanner motor needs to be removed.
When fastening synthetic fibre ropes such as polypropylene on bitts, for safety and better rope control it is recommended to:
Make two round turns fast on the leading bitt and then figure of eight on both bitts, fig. 4.
Make it fast with round turns on the leading bitt alone, fig. 1.
Make it fast in a figure of eight fashion, fig. 3.
Make it fast on the second bitt alone, fig. 2.
The bridge Officer of the Watch (OOW) is plotting the ship’s position in the chartroom, when the ship is in collision with a fishing vessel. Why would the OOW be held responsible for the collision?
Under the Rules a proper lookout should be maintained at all times and by all available means.
If the OOW is busy with the safe navigation of the ship he should have exhibited the “Not under Command” signals and made other ships keep clear.
If risk of Collision existed, the fishing boat should have contacted the larger ship over the VHF before the collision took place.
Under the Rules the fishing vessel should have kept clear of larger vessels and the OOW would not be responsible.
What corrections must be applied to the echo sounder reading to compare the depth of water with the depth printed on the chart?
The distance between the pulse Transmitter and Receiver.
Allowance for the ships speed.
You are on a power-driven vessel underway in open water. This vessel is sighted on the port bow on a steady bearing. What kind of vessel is it and what will your action be?
This is a sailing vessel underway, seen head-on. It is my responsibility to keep clear under rule 18 and I will take appropriate avoiding action.
This is a vessel engaged in fishing. It is my responsibility to keep clear under rule 18 and I will alter course to starboard, sounding one short blast.
This is a sailing vessel not making way through the water. There is no risk of collision and I will maintain my course and speed.
This is a sailing vessel underway. I am the stand-on vessel and will maintain my course and speed under rule 17.
Which part of the magnetic compass error changes with a change in the course steered?
All of the suggested answers.
According to rule 13 of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, what is the definition of “an overtaking vessel”?
When the vessel is detected as a radar target or sighted visually in a position directly astern.
When coming up with another vessel from a direction more than 45° abaft her beam.
When coming up with another vessel from a direction more than 22,5° abaft her beam.
When coming up with another vessel from any direction abaft her beam.
What could be the reason for the magnetic compass to swing through large angles when the ship is rolling in a seaway?
The heeling error magnets are upside down and/or not in the correct position.
The Coefficient B determined by the Compass Corrector at the last dry-dock was not correctly calculated.
The error due to deviation is large for that ships heading.
The induced magnetism from the earth’s magnetic field is very strong in that area.