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In the Beaufort Scale of Wind Force, what is the Beaufort number associated with the wind force known as a “Gale”? This should not be confused with a “Near Gale” or “Strong Gale”?
When fastening synthetic fibre ropes such as polypropylene on bitts, for safety and better rope control it is recommended to:
Make it fast in a figure of eight fashion, fig. 3.
Make it fast with round turns on the leading bitt alone, fig. 1.
Make two round turns fast on the leading bitt and then figure of eight on both bitts, fig. 4.
Make it fast on the second bitt alone, fig. 2.
Which is the “CENTRE LINE”, in the figure?
The Fore and aft Centreline is indicated by D, in the figure.
The Fore and aft Centreline is indicated by A, in the figure.
The Fore and aft Centreline is indicated by C, in the figure.
The Fore and aft Centreline is indicated by B, in the figure.
Why should Ground Stabilised True Motion display mode be avoided when using the ARPA for anti-collision purposes?
The Relative Motion display and relative vectors is the only display to use for anti-collision purposes.
The true vector can never give an indication of collision risk with another ship.
The collision regulations are based on ship courses through the water.
True motion does not provide the collision risk of other ships.
You are in open water and clear conditions. You are approaching the pilot station when you hear this signal from a vessel ahead of you. What does it signify?
That the vessel is starting his engine and resuming his passage.
That the vessel is altering his course to starboard.
That the vessel is picking up his pilot.
That the vessel is operating astern propulsion.
What is the weather associated with being in the centre of an Anticyclone (a region of High Pressure)?
Persistent rain and very humid weather.
Strong winds and heavy rain.
Light winds and fair weather, sometimes fog.
Strong winds but with very little rain.
With the Master on the bridge, when is the Officer of the Watch officially relieved of their responsibility for the vessel?
It varies from deep sea to pilotage operations and is never very clear.
As soon as the Master enters the bridge.
When the Master starts giving steering orders.
When the Master informs the Officer of the Watch that he is taking over the “con”.
What would be the effects of a ship passing into shallow water?
The vessel has a tendency to swing to port with a single fixed-pitch right-hand turning propeller.
The ship is less responsive to both rudder and propeller.
There is no noticeable difference in performance of the ship.
The speed is not affected, but more rudder is required to steer the ship.
What can be simply rigged to assist a survival craft in keeping alongside own vessel?
The survival craft painter made fast on the vessel’s deck.
A single weighted line hanging over the side from the deck.
A painter rigged fore and aft against the vessel’s side.
The accommodation ladder deployed to the water surface.
You are on a power-driven vessel underway in open water. You sight these lights on the port bow, on a steady bearing. The distance is closing. What are you looking at and what action will you take in compliance with the International Regulations for Preventing Collision at Sea?
This is a power-driven vessel, more than 50 metres in length or less than 50 metres in length and showing a second masthead light, restricted in her ability to manoeuvre. The sidelight of a second vessel can be seen beyond her. Under rule 18, I am obliged to keep clear of the first vessel and will therefore take appropriate avoiding action.
This is a power-driven vessel engaged in towing, less than 50 metres in length, length of tow under 200 metres and the tow, both being restricted in their ability to manoeuvre, seen from the starboard side. Under rule 18, I am required to keep clear and will take appropriate avoiding action.
When should voyage planning be done?
During the pilotage when leaving the berth.
Prior to leaving the berth.
Before the vessel completes the previous passage.
Before the pilot is leaves the vessel at the departure port.
If your vessel is fitted with wires on self-stowing “split drum” winches, the advantage of having these split drum winches is:
Increased brake holding capacity due to the ability to keep the paid out wire in a single layer on the drum.
Less chance of the wire being jammed in the reel.
All the listed alternatives.
When plotting a position, where should the Officer of the Watch select as the ships position, when three gyro compass bearings intercept as a triangle (Cocked Hat) and not as a single point?
At the point nearest to the danger, if any.
At the point furthest away from any danger.
At the point nearest the course line drawn on the chart.
At the centre of the triangle.
Rule 12 of the International Collision Regulations prescribes the action to be taken by a sailing vessel when meeting another sailing vessel. This depends on the direction of the wind relative to each vessel. In the situation shown here, which sailing vessel (A or B) must keep out of the way of the other?
The upwind sailing vessel must keep out of the way of the downwind sailing vessel.
Both sailing vessels are required to take avoiding action.
Sailing vessel A must keep out of the way of sailing vessel B.
Sailing vessel B must keep out of the way of sailing vessel A.
The vessel is steaming off the coast when the engine room informs the bridge it must stop engines immediately. Shortly afterwards they informed the bridge they would need a least three hours to fix it. Which of the following actions would be the most suitable taken by the bridge?
Display the NUC signal, maintain the watch and ask the Engine room to be a quick as possible.
Display the NUC signal, maintain the watch and wait for further developments.
Display the NUC signal, maintain the watch and determine how the ship is drifting and the probable position after 3 hours.
Display the NUC signal and keep a good lookout.
What action should the Officer of the Watch (OOW) take if he is forced to make a major deviation from the voyage plan?
There is no special action necessary.
Make an appropriate entry in the Log Book.
Check that the deviation will not lead into danger.
What is the direction of wind associated with an anticyclone (area of high pressure) in the Northern Hemisphere?
Straight towards the centre of the anticyclone.
Anticlockwise around the high pressure.
Clockwise around the high pressure.
Directly away from the centre of the anticyclone towards the nearest low pressure.
What does this signal hoist mean?
I require immediate assistance.
I require medical assistance.
Do you require assistance?
What is the depth of an iceberg below the surface of the sea?
The draught of an iceberg is normally about 3/4 of its total depth.
The draught of an iceberg varies with the type of berg and its age.
The draught of an iceberg is about the same as the visible part of the iceberg above the water.
The depth of an iceberg below the surface is always about one sixth of its total depth.
According to the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions and the illustrated lights, what type of vessel is it?
This vessel is not under command, but is making way through the water.
This vessel is not under command and stopped in the water.
This is a vessel constrained by her draft.
Who is ultimately responsible for approving the voyage plan?
The Officer of the Watch (OOW) on duty.
The Second Officer as the official Navigation Officer.
The ship owner will provide overall parameters within which the ship must follow.
Is the location of the Compass Binnacle critical?
Yes, for the reasons stated in all of the suggested answers.
Yes, it should be on the fore and aft centreline of the ship.
Yes, it should be away from all electrical power cables.
Yes, it should be sited on a non-metallic base if possible.
You are in open water and clear conditions. You are approaching the pilot station when you hear this signal from a vessel ahead of you. What does it signify?
That the vessel is operating astern propulsion.
That the vessel is altering his course to starboard.
That the vessel is picking up his pilot.
That the vessel is starting his engine and resuming his passage.
You are on a power-driven vessel underway in open water. You sight these lights on the port bow, on a steady bearing. The distance is closing. What are you looking at and what action will you take in compliance with the International Regulations for Preventing Collision at Sea.
This is a power-driven vessel, more than 50 metres in length or less than 50 metres in length and showing a second masthead light, restricted in her ability to manoeuvre. The sidelight of a second vessel can be seen beyond her. Under rule 18, I am obliged to keep clear of the first vessel and will therefore take appropriate avoiding action.
This is a power-driven vessel engaged in towing, less than 50 metres in length, length of tow under 200 metres and the tow, both being restricted in their ability to manoeuvre, seen from the starboard side. Under rule 18, I am required to keep clear and will take appropriate avoiding action.
This is a power-driven vessel engaged in towing, more than 50 metres in length or less than 50 metres in length and showing a second masthead light, length of tow 200 metres or more, not under command. I will keep clear under rule 27.
A ship is equipped with a right-handed fixed pitch propeller, which when going from Full Ahead to Full Astern will make the ship sheer to starboard. Can anything be done to reduce this change in heading?
The rudder can be put from side to side in a “Rudder Cycling” movement.
The rudder should be put Hard to Port to reduce the water flow to the left side of the propeller.
The rudder can be put to Hard to Port to reduce the water from to the right side of the propeller.
The rudder should be kept amidships when going astern and there is little that can be done to reduce the swing to starboard.
What is the two letter signal, to be used by flags, radiotelephony or radiotelegraphy, meaning “Calling All Ships”?
A ship is being overtaken by another ship while proceeding along a river. What should be the required procedure?
The overtaking vessel should request permission from the other ship by sounding two prolonged blasts followed by two short blasts on the whistle or by direct VHF contact.
The overtaking vessel can overtake but must allow sufficient space to reduce the interaction between the two vessels.
The overtaking vessel should request permission to overtake from the Port Control VTS.
There should be no overtaking in these confined waters.
What actions should be taken by the Officer of the Watch if the ship’s steering system totally fails?
All of the suggested answers.
Display the NUC signal and stop the engine(s).
Call the Master and advise them of the situation.
Request the engine room to check the steering system.
If a DSC distress alert is received on board your ship, what is the first action that should be taken?
Immediately answer the distress message on the correct radio frequency.
Determine how close your vessel is to the distressed vessel.
Contact SAR Authorities via nearest coast Radio station.
Listen for a distress message on the appropriate radio frequency for five minutes.
What immediate actions should the Officer of the Watch take when the ship goes aground on an uncharted shoal in the middle of the ocean?
Stop engines and immediately request “Full Astern”.
Stop engines and call the Master.
Stop engines and tell the engine room to switch over to high suctions.
Sound the General Alarm and plot the ships position.
You are approaching the port entrance. What do these lights mean?
A vessel may proceed only when she has received specific orders to do so.
Vessels may proceed – one-way traffic.
A vessel may proceed only when she has received specific orders to do so, except that vessels which can safely navigate outside the main channel need not comply with this message.
Vessels may proceed – two-way traffic.
The lights here show those that must be exhibited by a vessel engaged in towing, as per rule 24 of the International Collision Regulations. But how long is the tow behind this vessel?
It is more than 50 metres but less than 200 metres.
It is less than 200 metres.
According to the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions and the illustrated lights, what type of vessel is this and from what direction is it viewed?
This is a vessel engaged in fishing other than trawling, making way through the water, with outlying gear extending more than 150 m in the direction of the all-round white light. Looking at its port side.
This is a vessel engaged in fishing other than trawling, making way through the water, with outlying gear extending more than 150 metres in the direction of the all-round red light. Looking at it from astern.
This is a vessel engaged in pilotage duties at anchor. Looking at its port side.
You are on a power-driven vessel underway in open water. This vessel is sighted wide on the port bow. It’s bearing is opening, but its distance is closing rapidly. Which of the following is a correct assessment of the situation and the action to be taken?
Risk of collision is deemed to exist and I will make a broad alteration of course to starboard, sounding one short blast. I will re-assess the situation when the alteration is carried out.
Risk of collision is deemed not to exist and I will maintain my course and speed. I will continue to monitor the situation.
Risk of collision is a possibility. I will maintain my course and speed for now, but be prepared for an alteration of course to port if the CPA seems to be less than 0,2 nm as we draw closer.
Risk of collision is deemed not to exist. However, to be sure of a safe passing distance, I will reduce my speed to allow the other vessel to pass ahead.
The position of the ship provided by the GPS should always be confirmed by other means, when possible. Which of the following suggested methods would be the most accurate?
Compass bearings of three shore objects.
Bearing using the Radio Direction Finding of three radio beacons.
The ranges of three distinctive shore objects on the radar.
Bearing and distance from a navigational Buoy.
What is the depth of an iceberg below the surface of the sea?
The draught of an iceberg varies with the type of berg and its age.
The depth of an iceberg below the surface is always about one sixth of its total depth.
The draught of an iceberg is about the same as the visible part of the iceberg above the water.
The draught of an iceberg is normally about 3/4 of its total depth.
What could be the reason for the magnetic compass to swing through large angles when the ship is rolling in a seaway?
The heeling error magnets are upside down and/or not in the correct position.
The Coefficient B determined by the Compass Corrector at the last dry-dock was not correctly calculated.
The error due to deviation is large for that ships heading.
The induced magnetism from the earth’s magnetic field is very strong in that area.
Where would the “pivot point” be considered to be located when the ship is proceeding at full speed ahead and there is no wind or current?
At about 1/6 of the ship’s length from the bow.
At a position near the stern of the ship.
At about 1/6 of the ship’s length from the stern.
What type of vessel is this and from what direction are you seeing it?
This is a vessel engaged in fishing other than trawling, making way through the water, with outlying gear extending more than 150 m in the direction of the all-round red light. I am seeing her from astern.
This is a vessel engaged in pilotage duties at anchor. I am looking at her port side.
This is a vessel engaged in fishing other than trawling, making way through the water, with outlying gear extending more than 150 m in the direction of the all-round white light. I am looking at her port side.
This is a vessel engaged in pilotage operations, deploying or recovering a pilot. I am looking at her port side.
How can a new officer, just boarding a ship, ensure that he knows the location and operation of all navigational and safety equipment and take account of the operating limitations of such equipment?
By using the equipment on regular watchkeeping duties.
By following the standard company Induction procedures for a bridge watchkeeping officer.
The certificate of competency will ensure the officer has suitable competence in operating the bridge equipment.
By asking other officers and practicing with the use of the equipment.
In a canal without water flow, if a vessel was approaching a bank at an angle, what would be the probable effect on it?
The whole vessel would continue straight towards the bank and would require a large helm order to avoid going aground.
The vessel’s bow is attracted by the bank.
The vessel’s bow is pushed away from the bank.
The vessel’s stern is pushed away from the bank.
How can the effects of Squat be minimized, when a ship is proceeding in shallow water?
Put a small forward trim on the vessel as this stops squat.
Maintain a speed of about six (6) knots and use minimal rudder when manoeuvring.
Enter the shallow water with a stern trim and proceed at a moderate speed.
Maintain a slow speed just sufficient to maintain steerage.
What are the main advantages to the Navstar, Glonas and Galileo satellite navigation systems?
If a vessel uses any one of them, there is no need to practice other forms of navigation.
These satellite systems give world-wide coverage 24 hours a day.
They are all made specifically for ships and marine operations.
Satellite navigation systems also give information about weather and wave conditions.
When should a ship’s officer use some of the English language found in the IMO’s publication “Standard Marine Communication Phrases”?
When talking on the VHF between ships of differing flag states.
When giving orders to a multi-national bridge team.
In circumstances described in all of the answers provided.
When talking between ship and shore in a foreign land.
What, by definition in the International Collision Regulations, is a “vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre”?
A vessel which through some exceptional circumstance is unable to manoeuvre as required by the Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel.
A vessel which because of her draught in relation to the available depth of navigable water is restricted in her ability to deviate from her course and keep out of the way of another vessel.
A vessel engaged in underwater work, such as the laying, picking up or servicing of a pipeline, or which is in support of diving operations, performing dredging and mine-clearance or is deploying or recovering a pilot.
A vessel which from the nature of her work is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre as required by the Rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel.
After passage planning with ECDIS, how should the route be checked for safety?
Investigate the displayed waypoint list after it is printed out.
Transfer the ECDIS plan onto paper charts.
Using the ECDIS route checker and by visually sighting all along it.
Using the ECDIS route and geometry checker only.
The ship has a right-handed propeller and is swinging to starboard when the engines are slow ahead and the rudder is to starboard. The engines are stopped and the rate of swing rapidly slows down. How could the swing to starboard be maintained without the ship making much headway.
By applying the rudder hard over to starboard and going ahead on the engines.
Astern on the engines will allow Transverse Thrust to continue the swing.
The only effective method is by using the bow thruster to push the bow to starboard.
Transverse Thrust will reduce the swing and therefore a kick ahead is necessary with full starboard helm applied.
Which part of the magnetic compass error changes with a change in the course steered?
All of the suggested answers.
What do the shapes that this vessel is displaying tell us about her?
That she is engaged in towing.
That she is not under command.
That she is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre.
That she is constrained by her draught.
This vessel is encountered at the mouth of a river. According to the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions and the illustrated shapes, what type of vessel is it?
This is a vessel engaged in dredging or underwater operations. The two balls in a vertical line indicate the side on which an obstruction exists; the two diamonds in a vertical line indicate the side on which it is safe to pass; the ball/diamond/ ball in a vertical line indicate that the vessel is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre.
This is a vessel engaged in dredging or underwater operations. The two balls in a vertical line indicate the side on which it is safe to pass; the two diamonds in a vertical line indicate the side on which an obstruction exists; the ball/diamond/ball indicate that the vessel is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre.
You are proceeding up a river, with berths on both banks. You see this flag hoist on a vessel moored on a berth ahead. What does it mean?
You should proceed at slow speed when passing me.
I am about to depart the berth.
Caution! I have an anchor down.
How will the ship behave if it experiences a complete loss of power (blackout) in the situation illustrated?
The vessel will gradually swing to starboard and the speed will slowly reduce.
The wind will push the vessel sideways, but the heading will not change.
The vessel will continue on course and the speed will slowly reduce.
The vessel will gradually swing to port and the speed will slowly reduce.
Two ships are meeting in a restricted channel as illustrated. Which of the following actions would be the most suitable to take on both vessels as they approach and pass each other?
Slow down if possible without losing steerage and be prepared for prompt application of rudder to counteract any swing as they approach and pass each other.
Increase speed slightly to pass each other as quickly as possible and thereby reduce the effects of “ship to ship” interaction.
Maintain speed and a straight course on the starboard side of the channel.
Keep as far as possible on the starboard side of the channel and maintain speed to retain effective steerage.
What special equipment can often provide assistance in locating a survival craft or man overboard and in the water?
A sectored search pattern.
Which option best completes the following statement? An operator using ECDIS, will notice an out of position navigation buoy because:
A local port authority would send an automatic signal to ECDIS.
It is coloured orange on an ECDIS display.
The radar return and ENC buoy symbol will not coincide.
There will be a flashing alarm on ECDIS showing which one is out.
The ship is drifting in the open sea with a temporary engine breakdown. The ship is equipped with GPS navigation equipment. What should the bridge Officer of the Watch do in this situation?
All of the possible answers.
Keep a good lookout for other ships.
Plot the direction and rate of drift and predict the ships position for the period while the ship is “Not Under Command”.
Display the “Not under Command” signal and switch off the normal steaming lights.
If the radar is set onto the Relative Motion Display, what would an echo of a target with no trail indicate? Note this the trail of the echo and not a vector.
The target is stopped and making no way through the water.
The target is on the same course and speed as own ship.
The target is on a constant bearing and getting closer to own ship.
The target is on a collision course with own ship.
What are the limits of a passage or voyage plan?
It is dependant on the voyage and if there are any river or canal transits.
From Full Away On Passage (FAOP) to End Of Passage (EOP).
The ship is navigating in dense fog where the visibility is less than one mile. The Arpa radar is set on a range 12 miles on a course of 314° and own ship has a vector as shown. What is the vector mode selected on the Arpa?
Relative vectors, sea stabilised.
Relative vectors, ground stabilised.
What is the purpose of a fire wire?
A wire for handling fire buckets.
A wire for pulling burning ships off the pier.
A wire for securing the Fire Tug alongside a burning ship.
A wire for pulling fire-hoses up to the top bridge.
Can anything be done on a vessel with forward speed, to reduce the change in heading caused by a right hand fixed pitch propeller being put astern?
Yes, the rudder can be put to port.
No, the rudder should be kept amidships when going astern and there is little that can be done to reduce the swing to starboard.
The rudder can be cycled from side to side.
The rudder should be put hard to starboard to reduce the water flow to the left side of the propeller.
What is the purpose of a sea anchor deployed from a lifeboat?
To hold the lifeboat in position with other survival craft.
To keep the lifeboat’s heading against the wind and sea and reduce drift.
To keep the lifeboat in a position close to the vessel.
To give a better signal to any aircraft searching for survivors.
What does this signal flag indicate when seen on a vessel in a port approach?
Keep clear. I have divers down.
I am in distress and require immediate assistance.
I require medical assistance.
What is the two letter signal, to be used by flags, radiotelephony or radiotelegraphy, meaning “Calling All Ships”.
What is the probable cause of an error in position of the ship obtained from the GPS system?
A three dimensional instead of a two dimensional position output.
Abnormal sun spot activity causing unusual radiation effects.
Incorrect height of the antenna.
All of the suggested answers.
In the figure, which letter gives the correct understanding of the term “LENGTH OVERALL”?
Length Overall is indicated by C, in the figure.
Length Overall is indicated by D, in the figure.
Length Overall is indicated by B, in the figure.
Length Overall is indicated by A, in the figure.
The positions of the ship provided by the GPS receiver should always be verified by other means. Which of the following suggested methods would be the most accurate?
Bearing and distance from a navigational buoy.
Radar bearings of three distinctive shore objects.
A DR updated position from the last reliable one.
Radar ranges of three distinctive shore objects.
Two mooring lines are pretensioned equally and have the same length, same breaking strength and same directional load. However, one is made of wire (with a full load elastic elongation of about 1,5 % of its length) and the other made of nylon (with a full load elongation of about 30 % of its length). If a gust of wind increases the load on the lines, how will it be shared?
Wire takes 45 % of the extra load. Rope takes 55 % of the extra load.
Wire takes 55 % of the extra load. Rope takes 45 % of the extra load.
The wire and rope will share the load equally.
Wire takes 95 % of the extra load. Rope takes 5 % of the extra load..
You are in an area of restricted visibility, close to a port. You hear this signal. What vessel does it come from and what additional information does the signal provide?
A vessel at anchor, more than 100 metres in length. The additional signal indicates that her cable extends at least 25 metres from her bow.
A vessel at anchor, more than 100 metres in length. She is sounding the additional signal to give warning of her position.
A vessel aground, more than 100 metres in length. The additional signal indicates which side the clear water lies on.
A vessel at anchor, less than 100 metres in length. She is sounding the additional signal top give warning of her position.
What possible reason could there be for the identification mark associated with a Racon not being visible on the radar screen?
All of the suggested answers.
The Racon may not be transmitting a pulse.
The radar may be suppressing the mark with application of the Interference Rejection control.
The transmitted radar frequency may not trigger the Racon transmitter.
The ship is drifting in the open sea with a temporary engine breakdown. The ship is equipped with GPS navigation equipment. What should the bridge Officer of the Watch do in this situation?
Keep a good lookout for other ships.
Display the “Not under Command” signal and switch off the normal steaming lights.
All of the possible answers.
Plot the direction and rate of drift and predict the ships position for the period while the ship is “Not Under Command”.
What are the two parts of the magnetic compass error?
Permanent and induced magnetism.
The latitude and longitude.
What are the main components causing the magnetic compass to require a regular evaluation and compass correction?
The change in the position of the magnetic pole causing annual changes in the variation.
The continual changes of courses steered by the ship.
Permanent and induced magnetism in the ships structure.
The Master has decided to “single up” to a spring line at each end as the last lines to let go whilst unmooring. Which of the following methods should be used to hold the lines, whilst waiting for the order to “let go”?
The line should be turned up on the bitts, fig. 1.
The line should be held on a stopper ready for immediate release, fig. 4.
The eye of the lines should be put on the bitts, fig. 2.
The line should be kept on the warping drum of a deck winch, fig. 3.
You are proceeding along a coastal route when you hear this signal. The visibility is severely restricted. What does the signal mean?
There is a vessel aground in the vicinity. She is less than 100 metres in length. She is sounding an additional warning to approaching vessels to “navigate with extreme caution”.
There is a vessel at anchor in the vicinity. She is less than 100 metres in length. She is sounding an additional warning to approaching vessels that they are “running into danger”.
There is a vessel at anchor in the vicinity. She is more than 100 metres in length. She is sounding an additional warning signal to approaching vessels, directing them to “keep clear”.
There is a vessel aground in the vicinity. She is more than 100 metres in length. She is sounding an additional warning to approaching vessels that they are “running into danger”.
What sound signal can be made when nearing a bend in a river, with the view around the bend obscured by an intervening obstruction?
What are the required data inputs into most gyro compasses to reduce any possible compass error?
All of the data in the suggested answers.
Maximum helm angle and rolling period.
The rudder is hard over with the engine at full ahead. Will the turning effect of the rudder be changed if the engine is stopped?
Yes, the turning force will be dramatically reduced when the engine is stopped.
No, the turning force is unaffected by the speed of the propeller.
No, the turning force applied by the rudder will be maintained within about 90 % of the turning force when going full ahead.
Yes, the turning force will be reduced to about 50 % of the original force when the engine is stopped.
With a pilot ladder, the lowest spreader shall be the 5th step from the bottom. At what interval should there be further spreaders upwards on the ladder?
At intervals not exceeding 9 steps.
At intervals not exceeding 12 steps.
It does not matter where the spreaders are fitted.
At intervals not exceeding 15 steps.
During an STS operation with one ship at anchor, should an anchor watch be maintained?
Anchor watch responsibility rests with the discharging vessel which would be the vessel which is anchored.
Anchor watch responsibility rests with the vessel which has its anchor down and the ship to ship connections is the responsibility of the other vessel.
Both ships have normal anchor watch responsibility in addition to watching ship to ship fendering, mooring etc.
Anchor watches are not kept as the duty officers will be on deck conducting the cargo operations.