The test consists of random questions on a selected topic.
A class "D" fire involves what type of material?
Wood or other carbonaceous material
What are class "C" bulkheads?
Bulkheads constructed of approved non-combustible materials that can withstand the standard fire test for 15 minutes.
Bulkheads constructed of approved non-combustible materials but do not meet any of the requirements relative to smoke and flame nor limitations relative to temperature rise.
Bulkheads constructed of approved non-combustible materials that can withstand the standard fire test for 30 minutes.
Bulkheads constructed of approved non-combustible materials that can withstand the standard fire test for 45 minutes.
*Is it compulsory for a cargo ship to be divided into main vertical zones?
Yes, it is, but they need not be bounded by class "A-60" bulkheads
It depends on the gross tonnage of the vessel
Welding and use of open flames on board tankers in operation are subject to regulation laid down by the Norwegian Maritime Directorate (Norwegian Ship Control Legislation - NSCL). During preparations for welding or hot works, the following item shall always be checked:
Type of oil or gas chemicals having been carried in the actual tank and the adjacent tanks.
Cleaning and venting methods and systems.
Working performance and capacity of ventilating system.
What other purposes may a fixed fire-detection and alarm system be used for, in addition to fire indication? (SOLAS II-2/13.1.14)
Controlled closing of fire doors
Automatic closing of fire doors
Automatic activation of sprinkler system
What is the minimum number of "international shore connections" that should be provided on vessels of 500 gross tonnage and upwards?
0: such connections only have to be provided on vessels over 1000 gross tonnage
The free volume of carbon dioxide (CO2) of a fixed gas fire-extinguishing system shall be calculated at
*Which of the following is an haloganated hydrocarbon that can be found onboard existing ships as an extinguishing agent for a fixed system?
You want to make a telephone call to another ship operating in Indian Ocean Region. Which sequence will you key into your INMARSAT A terminal?
CES two digits code # 00 873 SES INMARSAT code #
CES two digits code # 00 583 SES INMARSAT code #
00 # CES two digits code 873 SES INMARSAT code #
CES two digits code # 873 SES INMARSAT code #
In discussing the properties of chemical cargoes, what is the "Odor Threshold" of a product?
The smallest concentration, expressed in parts per million by volume in air, that can be detected by smell by most people.
The maximum concentration of a vapour that can be tolerated without permanent damage to the nasalmembranes.
The temperature at which the vapour pressure a substance is greater than the prevailing atmospheric pressure and vapour is then released into the environment.
The average concentration of a substance to which a worker may be repeatedly exposed for a normal 8 hour working day, 40 days a week, without adverse health effects.
Can you use a common Vapor line for Sulphuric acid and Nitric acid ?
No, they are not compatible.
Yes, if the consentration of the Nitric Acid is less than 80 %.
Can a nitrogen blanket be maintained on a cargo containing an inhibitor which is "oxygen dependent"?
No, if this is done the lifetime of the inhibitor will rapidly expire.
Yes, provided the blanket only reduces the oxygen content in the ullage space to a minimum of 8% oxygen, which will still be enough for the inhibitor to function properly.
What is the MARPOL definition of a "solidifying substance"?
A noxious liquid substance which, in the case of a substance with a melting point of less than 20°C which is at a temperature of less than 10°C above its melting point at the time of unloading, or in the case of a substance with a melting point equal to or greater than 20°C, is at a temperature of less than 15°C above its melting point at the time of unloading.
A noxious liquid which will crystallise and eventually bond into solid form at ambient, or less than ambient temperatures unless an external heat source is applied.
A noxious liquid substance which, in the case of a substance with a melting point of less than 15°C which is at a temperature of less than 5°C above its melting point at the time of unloading, or in the case of a substance with a melting point equal to or greater than 15°C which is at a temperature of less than 10°C above its melting point at the time of unloading.
A noxious liquid substance which will cystallise and eventually bond into solid form if exposed to an external heat source.
You have loaded a cargo of n-Propyl Acetate to all tanks. They are each loaded to around 98% capacity. You now have to clear the lines into the ship. What is the principal risk in this operation?
Unless lines are cleared working from aft towards forward, they will simply fill up again as other lines are cleared.
Unless carefully controlled, too much disturbance will be generated in the tanks and product will be forced up the vent risers, resulting in an overflow.
Unless the shore personnel are cooperative, they may cease blowing before you have had a chance to clear each one of the ship's lines.
Unless carefully controlled, cargo will gravitate from one tank to another.
According to basic principles regarding fire protection the ship is to be divided in zones by structural and thermal boundaries. Which? (SOLAS II-2/2.2.1)
In main zones according to utilization (Accommodation, Machinery, Cargo)
Main Fire zones in accordance with the ship's fire-fighting system
Who has the right, in addition to the issuing authority, to inspect the ship and control the validity of the ship's Safety Certificates in foreign ports?
Inspectors from the International Maritime Organization (IMO)
Port Authority Inspectors
Inspectors duly authorized by the port state government authorities
Duly authorized Classification Association inspectors
Due to exposure to heat fatigue, heat stroke and dehydration, what is the maximum recommended effective temperature (ET) for full work load in enclosed spaces?
Which country requires a vessel to have a written Waste Management Plan?
Where shall shoreside fire-fighting personnel find necessary information to control a fire on board a cargo ship in an emergency situation?
Through the nearest Maritime Rescue Co-ordination Centre, who will get them from the ship's owner
In the fire control plans or booklet that must be posted in a prominently marked localisation on the navigating bridge
The captain of the ship is the only person that may give such information
In the fire control plans or booklet that must be stored in a watertight prominently marked container outside the deck house
Your ship is equipped with a single, right-handed fixed screw. Steaming full ahead you reverse the engine to stop the ship. How will the ship react? No wind or current.
She will most likely sheer to port and stop rather quickly
She will most likely continue on a straight course
She will most likely sheer to starboard and gradually lose headway
She will stop on 1.5 times the ship's length
If a double banking operation is being conducted with one ship at anchor (which is yawing due to weather condition) and one tug is available for assisting in the operation, the tug should:
Assist the manoeuvring vessel.
Carry ropes from the approaching vessel to the other.
Endeavour to hold the anchored/yawing vessel steady.
Stand by and assist as necessary.
The OOW is expected to double-check the whole voyage plan?
" On area A4 the function "" Transmission of ship to shore distress alerts"" is mainly based on:"
the use of MF DSC and INMARSAT Epirbs
the use of VHF DSC and VHF Epirbs
the use of HF DSC and SARSAT COSPAS Epirbs
the use of HF DSC and INMARSAT Epirbs
Which of the following is the correct minimum carriage requirement for a ship of more than 300 gross tons and operating in area A:
1MF RT + DSC+ DSC watch receiver – 1 or 2 SART – 1 NAVTEX or 1 EGC receiver– 2 or 3 VHF portable – 1 EPIRB –
1VHF RT + DSC+ DSC watch receiver – 1 or 2 SART – 1 NAVTEX or 1 EGC receiver– 2 or 3 VHF portable
1VHF RT – 1 or 2 SART – 1 NAVTEX or 1 EGC receiver– 2 or 3 VHF portable – 1 EPIRB –
1VHF RT + DSC+ DSC watch receiver – 1 or 2 SART – 1 NAVTEX or 1 EGC receiver– 2 or 3 VHF portable – 1 EPIRB
The license is a:
list of available safety equipment on board of ships
check for the presence of the required operative certificates
permission for availability, installation and use of radio transmitters on board
If a ship according to the rules of GMDSS is equipped with an MF/HF radio set a DSC listening watch must be kept on:
2187.5 kHz, 8414.5 kHz and for instance 12577.0 kHz
8414.5 kHz and on at least one of the following DSC frequencies: 4207.5 kHz, 6312.0 kHz, 12577.0 kHz or 16804.5 kHz
all DSC distress frequencies
The prescribed test of EPIRB, SART and portable VHF radio set must be entered in:
*On board a ship, how many lifebuoys is required to be fitted with a buoyant lifeline ?
At least one lifebouy with buoyant lifeline on each side of the ship
Half of the total number of lifebuoys provided on board
Only the two lifebuoys of the quick-release system
The total number of lifebuoys provided on board
A person wearing an anti-exposure suit shall be able to:
jump from a height equal to that of the stowage of liferafts arranged to be thrown overboard
don and remove the suit in the water in no more than 5min. if it impairs ability to swim
dive into the water to the maximum draft of craft that the ship is provided with
perform all duties associated with abandonment, assist others and operate a rescue boat
Which one of the listed requirements regarding life-saving appliances corresponds to present regulations?
All prescribed life-saving appliances shall be made of non-combustible or fire retardant material
All prescribed life-saving appliances shall have marking in red colour
All prescribed life-saving appliances shall be of such a colour that they are in contrast to the surrounding colour
All prescribed life-saving appliances shall be fitted with the manufacturers name and Logo
Which item among those below is included in the normal equipment of every rescue boat ?
a sea-anchor with a hawser of more than 10m in length
anti-seasickness medicine sufficient for at least 48h and one seasickness bag for each person
a food ration for each person as
How many thermal protective aids are carried in each liferaft?
10% of the number of persons the liferaft is designed to carry, or two, whichever is the greatest
How often should the lifeboat wire falls be turned and renewed?
Turned at intervals of not more than 30 months and renewed every 5 years
Renewed every three years
Turned every 2 years and renewed every 4 years
Turned every 30 months and needs only to be renewed if the wire is in poor condition
What is the purpose of the "Bowsing tackle" (block and tackle) supplied at each end of the lifeboat?
It enables the boat to be secured to the embarkation deck so that the wire falls can be released for changing or end for ending
It is a general purpose tackle to be used in any type of emergency
It keeps the boat alongside the embarkation deck so that the tracing pennants can be released
It is designed to pull the boat alongside the embarkation deck after the tracing pennants have been released
Which of the following actions should be done before throwing this type of inflatable liferaft over the side?
Disconnect the painter and launch it, checking that all is clear below
Inflate it on deck and then launch it if clear below
Check that the painter is made fast to a secure point and that the sea below is clear
Take circular gripes and adhesive tape (see photo) off the container to enable raft to inflate once in the water. If all clear, throw raft over side
*Which one of the following items has to be included in an abandon ship drill?
Manoeuvring the lifeboat in the water
operation of davits used for launching liferafts
Starting and operating radio life-saving appliances
Launching and recovery of a survival craft
The Master is responsible that all crew participate in monthly emergency drills. If 25% of the crew -or more- has not participated in such drill during the last month, what is the time limit to conduct such a drill after the vessel has left a port?
During mooring operations which is the safe place to be in?
Outside the colored zone.
Where ever you feel safe.
Behind the "point of restraint" but inside the zone.
Between the "point of break" and the "point of restraint".
What does a flame screen do ?
Permits vapors to exit but not enter a tank
Prevents the passage of flammable vapors
Permits the passage of vapor but not of flame
Prevents inert gas from leaving a tank
What is the purpose of the LD (low duty) compressors on an LNG carrier?
To deliver inert gas and to aid cooling down of the cargo tanks.
To transfer cargo vapour to the shore installation during loading operations.
To handle the LNG boil-off vapour for fuelling the boiler.
To discharging the LNG cargo at a slow rate.
How will you calculate transverse accelerations?
Multiply the values taken from tables 2, 3 and 4 of the Cargo Stowage and Security (CSS) Code
Multiply the values taken from tables 3 and 4 of the Cargo Stowage and Security (CSS) Code
From formulae given in the Cargo Securing Manual (CSM)
Rule of thumb and past experience
The heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of any particular substance 1°C is called:
Heat transfer coefficient
While securing tank lids prior to loading, you notice that the packing from one is damaged and hanging down. What will you do?
Cover the damaged area of packing with silicone and secure the lid. Make an entry in the "defect log" at the end of your watch.
Push the packing back up into the channel as best as you can and secure the lid.
Secure the lid and report the damaged packing to the pumpman for changing later on.
Report it immediately to the duty officer. Notify other watchkeepers, so that the lid is not closed in error, prior to the problem being rectified.
The majority of medium speed main propulsion installations incorporate a reduction gearbox between the engine and the propeller shaft. Why is this arrangement usually required?
So that the engine can be more easily reversed.
So that the engine can be coupled to a controllable pitch propeller.
So that the propeller operates in a relatively efficient speed range.
So that the engine can also drive a shaft alternator.
What is the correct name of the part highlighted in the sketch?
Which of the following knife types has a flexible blade, a round tip and is used for removing items from baking trays or spreading fillings and icing?
A large electric motor is being removed from a main seawater pump with the aid of the engine room crane. Which is the best method of starting the lift from the options given?
Use the 'inch up' facility on the crane to 'break' the motor free after slackening all of the retaining bolts.
Use a suitable chain block suspended from the crane hook to 'break' the motor free after slackening all of the retaining bolts.
Use the full hoist facility on the crane to 'break' the motor free after slackening all of the retaining bolts.
Use the full hoist facility to lift the motor clear in one action after removing all of the retaining bolts.
What are the three volumes of the IAMSAR Manual?
I Organization and Management II Mission Co-ordination III Mobile Facilities.
I Planning and Preparation II Rescue Control III Reference
A Command and Control B Communications C Rescue Procedures
I Organization II Communications III Rescue Procedures
What is the purpose of the decanting line between two slop tanks on an oil tanker that is using water for the washing of the cargo tanks?
To enable the filling of the secondary slop tank via the primary slop tank.
To enable most of the recovered oil to be retained in the primary slop tank, while the cleaner part of the water will flow into the secondary slop tank, where it can be re-used as wash-water.
To enable both the primary and secondary slop tank to be filled without using the main cargo lines.
To avoid a build-up of static electricity during water washing, caused by air being drawn in as the primary slop tank empties.
This circuit consists of two resistances, R1 = 6 ohm and R2 = 12 ohm , connected in series. Calculate the equivalent resistance R(S) .
You are going to overhaul a centrifugal pump in accordance with the PMS. The pump is running under optimal conditions and normally operated. Which of the following parts are expected to deteriorate during normal operation and thereby be due for renewal?
The impeller and the impeller fastening nut.
Ball bearings on the pump shaft, and wear rings on pump housing or impeller.
On some large slow speed engines the crosshead guides are adjustable to allow the clearance between the crosshead shoes and the guides to be set equally. The normal arrangement is to have bolted on guide bars with shims fitted behind them. Which of the methods given in the options is the one normally used to ensure this is done correctly?
Fit an equal number of shims behind each guide bar which should result in equal clearances between the guide bars and shoes along the whole length.
Turn the engine so that the piston for the cylinder concerned is at TDC and measure the clearance along the length of each bar and shoe and fit shims to equalise the clearances.
Turn the engine so that the piston for the cylinder concerned is at BDC and measure the clearance along the length of each bar and shoe and fit shims to equalise the clearances.
Turn the engine so that the piston skirt is at the bottom of the liner. Use wedges to centralise the piston and measure the clearances along the length of each bar and fit shims to equalise the clearances.
After carrying petcoke why would the discharge of cargo hold washing have to be restricted?
Because the cargo residue may not pass through the ship’s bilge system
Because the cargo hold washing would constitute an Oily Mixture
Because the cargo hold washing would constitute a Marine Pollutant
Because the cargo residue may damage the ship’s bilge system
Which of the following detectors would you choose for measuring the torque of a steel shaft?
The arrival ballast water must contain maximum 15ppm (parts pr. million) of oil to fulfil the regulations in force. How many ppm is 1% by volume.
Hydrocarbons belongs to a chemical group named:?
What weakens a twistlock?
What procedures should prevent normal ship work activities conflicting with cargo operations on a General Cargo Vessel?
Stevedore and Chief Officer planning meetings
Risk assessments and permit to work systems
What is the function of the "scrubber" in the inert gas system on an oil tanker?
To prevent backflow of dangerous vapours to the machinery space.
To blend the flue gas and air and achieve the desired concentration levels for tank inerting.
To wash and warm the flue gas.
To quench, cool and clean the flue gas.
What is meant by dynamic amplifying
Amplitude of input signal divided by amplitude of output signal
Amplitude of output signal divided by amplitude of input signal
Corresponding change in signals
You are on a power driven vessel underway in open water. This vessel is sighted directly ahead. The distance is closing slowly. What action will you take under the International Collision Regulations and why?
This is a vessel engaged in towing and I am seeing the stern light of the tow. The tug is not however showing any lights indicating she is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre. I will however display good seamanship and keep out of her way.
I will keep out of her way. I am the overtaking vessel and am obliged to keep clear under rule 13.
I will maintain my course and speed. The other vessel is being overtaken and is therefore obliged to keep out of the way by rule 13.
The vessel is on a steady bearing and the distance is closing. I will therefore take avoiding action, altering course to starboard and sounding one short blast under rules 14 and 16.
When is it safe for ship's personnel to enter the cargo tank of an LNG carrier to carry out routine maintenance and inspection?
Whenever the tank has been emptied of cargo as long as breathing apparatus is worn.
Only when the tank has been discharged and it is fully inerted.
Only after gas freeing and an atmosphere test shows 21% oxygen content.
Whenever a test of the atmosphere shows a methane content of less than 2% of the lower explosive limit (LEL).
In discussing segregation, the IMDG Code defines what it means by the term "separated from". Which of the following is that definition?
Either in a vertical or horizontal separation: if the intervening decks are not resistant to fire and liquid, then only in a longitudinal separation is acceptable. For "on deck" stowage, this means a distance of at least 12 metres. This distance also applies to one package stowed "on deck" and another in an upper compartment.
With an intervening compartment, being both a vertical and horizontal separation. Provided an intervening deck is resistant to liquid and fire, a vertical separation of 6 metres is acceptable. For "on deck" stowage, this segregation means a distance of at least 12 metres irrespective of compartment divisions.
Effectively segregated so that the incompatible goods cannot interact dangerously in the event of an accident, but may be transported in the same compartment or hold or on deck, provided a horizontal separation, projected vertically, of 3 metres is obtained.
In different compartments or holds when stowed "under deck". Provided an intervening deck is resistent to fire and liquid, a vertical separation may be accepted as equivalent. For "on deck" stowage, this segregation means a distance of at least 6 metres.
Where is the "BRIDGE", in the figure?
The Bridge is C, in the figure
The Bridge is A, in the figure
The Bridge is D, in the figure
The Bridge is B, in the figure
What does OSHA stand for?
Occupation and Safe Health Association
Overseas Sea Hazard Association
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Occupational Safety and Health Aids
When discussing ther chemistry of petroleum cargoes, if 'Alkanes' are saturated hydrocarbons, what are unsaturated hydrocarbons?
They are also referred to as Alkanes.
Subject to allowance by the Port State Authority, a tanker with a defective oil discharge monitoring and control system (ODME) may continue to trade for a limited period before a repair is effected. What period is allowed and what conditions apply?
No limit is placed on the vessel, provided it can be demonstrated to the Port State Authority that the appropriate spare parts have been ordered for delivery in the next convenient port.
One ballast voyage and one loaded voyage, provided no cleaning operations are commenced.
One ballast voyage before proceeding to a repair port.
The vessel may discharge her cargo but will then be detained in port until the ODME is made fully operational and approval from the Port State Authority obtained.
Who is responsible for ensuring that your ship’s security plan meets the requirements of the ISPS Code?
Recognized Security Organization
Flag State Administration
When a new crewmember joins a ship for the first time, on-board training and instructions in the use of the ship's life-saving appliances, including survival craft equipment and in the use of the ship's fire extinguishing appliances shall be given as soon as possible. What is the maximum timeframe for completion of this training?
What is the name of this unit?
An antistatic release unit
A hydrostatic release unit
A combustible gas indicator of the catalytic filament type is used to check the atmosphere in an enclosed space onboard ship. When taking readings in a fuel tank which has been emptied for cleaning the meter reading initially rises and then falls back to zero. What is the likely defect, if any, in the instrument when this type of behaviour is displayed?
The sampling pump is faulty.
The filament has burnt out.
The filament is contaminated due to too high a concentration of hydrocarbons.
Fluid flow is measured using a pneumatic differential pressure transmitter and is indicated on a direct reading instrument. The indicator is reading zero even though fluid is flowing through the system. When the flow rate changes the indicator initially registers a reading but then gradually returns to zero. From the options given select the probable cause of this condition.
The connection to the differential pressure transmitter low pressure bellows is blocked.
Diaphragm in the differential pressure transmitter is perforated.
The I/P converter is faulted.
The connection to the differential pressure transmitter high pressure bellows is blocked.
Why should elevators not be used in an emergency?
Too few people can be moved in an elevator.
The elevator is reserved for people with special needs.
Power could fail and passengers could be trapped inside.
Engineering will shut down the ship's power and the elevator will be useless.
A vessel’s aft draught reading is 8.50m with a correction factor of 0.065m; the aft draught marks are painted forward of the after perpendicular. What is the corrected aft draught if the vessel is trimmed by the stern?
Total Base Number ( TBN ) is important as a measure of neutralizing ability against strong Acids. What will You do if this TBN base number is reduced to a low level?
Send one lub oil sample to new analysis.
Renew lub oil in the system.
What distinguishes a "parcel" chemical tanker from other designs?
Such a vessel is fitted with interactive computerised gauging, pumping, valve control and alarm systems for each tank, enabling all data for a single cargo to be concentrated in a single computer display.
Such a vessel is automatically able to achieve segregation of hazardously reactive noxious liquid substances by its design alone.
Such a vessel is fitted with a highly accurate tank gauging system, enabling it to deliver multiple parcels to different receivers from within the same cargo tank.
Such a vessel has a higher number of relatively small capacity, independent cargo tanks, each with its own line and pump, enabling it to carry and deliver multiple grades simultaneously.
Which of the following is associated with staphyloccocal food posining?
Uncooked fish that has been defrosted overnight in a refrigerator.
Food that is not kept properly hot (or cold) as required.
The meaning of lapping a valve and valve seat is:
Machining the valve in a lathe machine.
Grind the valve against the valve seat to obtain a uniform sealing surface
Adjust the overlapping of the inlet and exhaust valves
Which of the following statements is incorrect with regard to IMDG Class 5 cargoes?
The goods must be stowed such that they can be easily jettisoned
The goods require protection against potential sources of ignition
The goods require protection against the accumulation of dangerous vapours
The goods require protection against contact with moisture and water
What is the Maximum Securing Load of ‘D’ rings?
40% of the breaking strength
25% of the breaking strength
50% of the breaking strength
35% of the breaking strength
Different packaging methods are used for the various perishable commodities which are carried by reefer vessels. What type of perishable commodity is usually packed in a cry-o-vac?
What does regulation 33 of chapter V of SOLAS require?
The owner or operator of an ocean-going vessel over 500 grt shall ensure that, at all times, it is equipped with all necessary equipment to effect a safe and effective maritime rescue and that the equipment is maintained in full working order and that personnel are adequately trained in its proper use.
The master of a ship at sea which is in a position to be able to provide assistance on receiving information from any source that persons are in distress at sea, is bound to proceed with all speed to their assistance, if possible informing them or the search and rescue service that the ship is doing so.
The master of a ship at sea shall, upon receipt of information pertaining to a person or persons in distress, determine whether his vessel might be of assistance in their rescue and shall, if so, communicate that decision to his owner or operator without delay.
A Rescue Coordination Centre, under the license and control of a contracting government shall, after due consultation with the owner or operator, have the right to requistion any vessel it deems appropriate to a search and rescue operation.
What is one reason for repeating a command to passengers in an emergency?
You can establish your presence.
You won't have to say the command more than twice.
You don't have to be as clear in what you say.
More people will have a chance of hearing the command.
There has been an accident at the manifold and one of the crew has swallowed a quantity of unidentified liquid chemical. What is the correct medical term for this?
What will a cadet find in the maintenance manual?
A Cadet will find machinery spare parts in the maintenance manual
A Cadet will find a lubricating chart in the maintenance manual
A Cadet will find grease nipples in the maintenance manual
A Cadet will find grease in the maintenance manual
What is the correct operation of the slow-turning facility fitted to some large 2 stroke main propulsion diesel engines?
Slow turning should be set to operate automatically at finish with engines to allow the engine to cool down evenly.
Slow turning should be set to operate automatically every 10 to 15 minutes when the engine is on standby.
Slow turning should be set to operate automatically prior to engine start when engine has been stopped for 20 to 30 minutes during manouevring
Slow turning should be carried out immediately the duty engineer gets notice of standby from the bridge.
Fast rescue boats construction should be:
Rigid, inflated or rigid / inflated
When considering the successful delivery of a perishable cargo, select, from the options given, the thing over which the carrier has least control.
Relative humidity in the hold.
Gas content in the hold atmosphere.
How many rescue boats should be provided on ro-ro passenger ships of 500 gross tons and above?
Two, and at least one of the rescue boats shall be a Fast Rescue Boat
Two Fast Rescue Boats, one on each side of the ship
None providing the ship has lifeboats
What is the estimated average daily calorie intake required by an active adult male?